“…The reactions in protons had to be fitted due to computational difficulty on the dissolution free energy of the proton. The fitting method ( Kheirjou, Imanzadeh, Rezaei, & Safari, 2019 ) was applied while six molecules with experimental pKa values were adapted from references ( Freitas et al, 2018 , Mazza and Brouillard, 1987 , Vidot et al, 2016 ) (see supplementary document: Table S-1, page S43). In Scheme 2 , the C3G degradation process appeared to be thermodynamically and kinetically favorable.…”