“…SWW treatment involves several processes, including anaerobic digestion (AD), composting, alkaline hydrolysis, and incineration (Harris and McCabe, 2015). Among these treatments, AD stands out as it has the additional advantages of nutrient recycling and methane production (Franke-Whittle and Insam, 2013;Cárdenas-Medina et al, 2020). Indeed, SWW is considered a suitable substrate for AD due to its high methane yield potential (Palatsi et al, 2011); however, the high protein concentration usually found in SWW can lead to AD inhibition as a consequence of ammonium (NH + 4 ) and longchain fatty acid (LCFA) accumulation, which are byproducts of protein and fat hydrolysis (Hernández-Fydrych et al, 2018).…”