ACL Tears in the National Football League From 2013 to 2020: Analysis of the 2020 Season After Delays and Schedule Changes From the Early COVID-19 Pandemic Relative to Prior Seasons

Allahabadi, Sachin; Gatto, Andrew; Pandya, Nirav K.

doi:10.1177/23259671221076045

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…9 One study investigating injury incidence during the COVID-19 shortened MLB season demonstrated an increased injury incidence rate compared to the previous season (2020 season: 8.66 per 1000 AEs; 2019 season: 5.13 per 1000 AEs). 3 Previous studies across multiple professional leagues including the National Basketball Association, 10 National Football League, 11,12 European professional soccer leagues, 13 have also reported an increase in injury rates during the 2020 shortened season. However, most of these studies reported comparisons to a single previous season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sparse information is available on previous five season data, which may be more representative of injury rate (IR trends), or on the subsequent 2021 season to determine if IR stabilized the following year. Furthermore, previous injury surveillance literature among professional leagues during the 2020 COVID-19 season reported injuries based on anatomic zones 3 versus recommended standardized reporting by body region/area, 14 or reported on a single pathology, 11 making comparison to previous literature difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elbow Injuries Among MLB Pitchers Increased During Covid-19 Disrupted Season, But Not Other Baseball Injuries

Martin

Palasiewicz

Grullon

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

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Background The 2020 Major League Baseball Season (MLB) demonstrated season disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in training and seasonal time frames may be associated with higher rates of injury. Purpose To use publicly available data to compare injury rates during the 2015-2019 seasons, COVID-19 shortened season (2020), and the 2021 season stratified by body region and position (pitchers versus position players). Study Design A retrospective cohort study utilizing publicly available data Methods MLB players who competed in 1+ seasons between 2015-2021 were included and stratified by position (pitcher, position player). Incidence rate (IR), reported by 1000 x Athlete-Game Exposures (AGEs), was calculated for each season, and stratified by position and body region. Poisson regressions were performed for all injuries and stratified by position to determine association between season and injury incidence. Subgroup analyses were performed on the elbow, groin/hip/thigh, shoulder. Results Four thousand, two hundred and seventy-four injuries and 796,502 AGEs across 15,152 players were documented. Overall IR was similar across seasons (2015-2019:5.39; 2020:5.85; 2021:5.04 per 1000 AGEs). IR remained high for the groin/hip/thigh for position players (2015-2019:1.7; 2020:2.0; 2021:1.7 per 1000 AGEs). There was no difference in injury rates between 2015-2019 and 2020 seasons [1.1 (0.9-1.2), p=0.310]. The 2020 season demonstrated a significant increase in elbow injuries [2.7 (1.8-4.0), p<0.001]; when stratified by position, this increase remained significant for pitchers [pitchers: 3.5 (2.1-5.9), p<0.001; position players: 1.8 (0.9-3.6), p=0.073]. No other differences were observed. Conclusion The groin/hip/thigh demonstrated the highest IR in 2020 among position players across all season time frames, indicating that continued injury mitigation for this region is necessary. When stratified by body region, elbow injury rates among pitchers demonstrated 3.5 times the rate of injury in 2020 compared to previous seasons, impacting injury burden for the most vulnerable body region among pitchers. Level of Evidence Level III

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elbow Injuries Among MLB Pitchers Increased During Covid-19 Disrupted Season, But Not Other Baseball Injuries

Martin

Palasiewicz

Grullon

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, limited literature has been published looking at the effects of COVID-19 on NFL injury rates (1)(2)(3)(30)(31)(32)35). Studies performed by Bailey (2,3,30,35).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Platt et al (32) analyzed the 2020 NFL regular season and found no change in overall incidence of injury or incidence of injury by player position compared with previous seasons. Furthermore, Patetta et al and Allahabadi et al analyzed the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in the 2020 NFL season (1,31). They found an increase in the incidence of ACL tears during the first weeks of the 2020 regular season; however, when these injuries were compared with the number typically experienced during the preseason, there was no increase (1,31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Patetta et al and Allahabadi et al analyzed the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in the 2020 NFL season (1,31). They found an increase in the incidence of ACL tears during the first weeks of the 2020 regular season; however, when these injuries were compared with the number typically experienced during the preseason, there was no increase (1,31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of COVID-19 on Rate of Injury and Position-Specific Injury During the 2020 National Football League Season

Costello,

Wagner,

Dahl

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Costello II, JP, Wagner, JD, Dahl, VA, Cohen, JL, Reuter, AM, and Kaplan, LD. Effects of COVID-19 on rate of injury and position-specific injury during the 2020 National Football League season. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the National Football League (NFL) made changes to its operations for the 2020 season. We hypothesize an increase in the rate of injuries during the 2020 season. Publicly available data were reviewed to identify NFL injuries from the 2015–2020 seasons. Player position, description of injury, date of injury, and injury setting were recorded. p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. For the 2020 season, compared with the 2015–2019 seasons, there was an increased risk of injury during the regular season overall relative risk (RR) = 1.308 (p < 0.05), week (W)1 RR = 7.33 (p < 0.05), W1–6 RR = 1.964 (p < 0.05), W7–12 RR = 1.8909 (p < 0.05), and during the postseason overall RR = 1.1444 (p < 0.05), calculated using analysis of variance. There was an overall increased risk of abdominal or core injuries RR = 1.248 (p < 0.05), groin or hip injuries RR = 2.534 (p < 0.05), and hamstring injuries RR = 3.644 (p < 0.05). There was an increased risk of hamstring injuries in cornerbacks RR = 3.219 (p < 0.05) and running backs RR = 1.1394 (p < 0.05), hip or groin injuries in guards RR = 1.105 (p < 0.05), Achilles tendon injuries in safeties RR = 1.6976 (p < 0.05), quadriceps injuries in running backs RR = 1.6191 (p < 0.05), and arm injuries in defensive tackles RR = 1.221 (p < 0.05). There was an increase in the overall rate of injuries in the 2020 NFL season, both in the regular season and postseason, compared with the 2015–2019 seasons. The overall rate of abdominal or core, groin or hip, and hamstring injuries increased. Specific player positions saw unique increases in rates of injuries. These findings may be due to numerous operational changes implemented, such as reduced in-person training and the elimination of the preseason, leading to suboptimal, sports-specific conditioning and increased risk of musculoskeletal injury.

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Increased rate of injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament in amateur soccer players after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

Memmel,

Krutsch,

Weber

et al. 2024

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg

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The COVID-19 pandemic led to the discontinuation of soccer activities at all levels of play. Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are still one of the most severe injuries in soccer. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the changes in the incidence and mechanism of ACL injuries in professional and amateur soccer before and after the lockdown period. Injury data were prospectively collected using the database ‘ACL registry in German soccer’. Between 2019 and 2021, 10 matches in professional, semi-professional, and amateur leagues before and after the lockdown were analyzed for the incidence and mechanism of ACL injuries. Data were collected using standardized and recently published study methods. Mean incidence of the 84 ACL injuries recorded during the study period was 0.083 injuries per 1000 h of exposure before and 0.079 injuries per 1000 h of exposure after the lockdown period (p = 0.699). In amateur soccer, the incidence of ACL injuries increased significantly from 0.058 injuries per 1000 h of exposure before to 0.128 injuries per 1000 h of exposure after the lockdown period (p = 0.026), in contrast to professional (p = 0.436) and semi-professional (p = 0.802) soccer. The predominant mechanisms of ACL injuries were non-contact injuries (pre-COVID: 59.1%; post-COVID: 57.7%) and indirect contact injuries (pre-COVID: 31.8%; post-COVID: 30.8%). The absence from training and match practice in German soccer during the COVID-19 lockdown led to a significantly increased ACL injury rate in amateur leagues, while in professional and semi-professional soccer no differences were reported. The mechanism of ACL injuries did not change after the lockdown period.Level of evidence: II.

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ACL Tears in the National Football League From 2013 to 2020: Analysis of the 2020 Season After Delays and Schedule Changes From the Early COVID-19 Pandemic Relative to Prior Seasons

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Elbow Injuries Among MLB Pitchers Increased During Covid-19 Disrupted Season, But Not Other Baseball Injuries

Elbow Injuries Among MLB Pitchers Increased During Covid-19 Disrupted Season, But Not Other Baseball Injuries

Effects of COVID-19 on Rate of Injury and Position-Specific Injury During the 2020 National Football League Season

Increased rate of injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament in amateur soccer players after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

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