Acne-like Chronic Inflammatory Activity of Propionibacterium acnes Preparations in an Animal Model: Correlation with Ability to Stimulate the Reticuloendothelial System

Young, Larry M.; Spires, Doreen A.; Ballaron, Stephen J.; Cummins, C. S.; Young, J. M.; Allison, A. C.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12276732

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To create an animal model for P. acnes -induced inflammation, the ear of ICR mouse was intradermally injected with P. acnes . Ear swelling was then measured according to a rat ear model as described earlier (De Young et al , 1984, 1985). Our data show that intradermal challenge of mouse ear with P. acnes attracts numerous macrophages to the site of P. acnes (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Property of Lauric Acid Against Propionibacterium Acnes: Its Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris

Nakatsuji

Kao

Fang

et al. 2009

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

319

188

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The strong bactericidal properties of lauric acid (C12:0), a middle chain-free fatty acid commonly found in natural products, have been shown in a number of studies. However, it has not been demonstrated whether lauric acid can be used for acne treatment as a natural antibiotic against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which promotes follicular inflammation (inflammatory acne). This study evaluated the antimicrobial property of lauric acid against P. acnes both in vitro and in vivo. Incubation of the skin bacteria P. acnes, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) with lauric acid yielded minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against the bacterial growth over 15 times lower than those of benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The lower MIC values of lauric acid indicate stronger antimicrobial properties than that of BPO. The detected values of half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of lauric acid on P. acnes, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis growth indicate that P. acnes is the most sensitive to lauric acid among these bacteria. In addition, lauric acid did not induce cytotoxicity to human sebocytes. Notably, both intradermal injection and epicutaneous application of lauric acid effectively decreased the number of P. acnes colonized with mouse ears, thereby relieving P. acnes-induced ear swelling and granulomatous inflammation. The obtained data highlight the potential of using lauric acid as an alternative treatment for antibiotic therapy of acne vulgaris.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Property of Lauric Acid Against Propionibacterium Acnes: Its Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris

Nakatsuji

Kao

Fang

et al. 2009

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

319

188

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“…Ears of ICR mice were injected intradermally with live P. acnes [46], [47]. The amount of soluble ASMase increased in the ears after injection with P. acnes (Figure 4A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionibacterium acnes CAMP Factor and Host Acid Sphingomyelinase Contribute to Bacterial Virulence: Potential Targets for Inflammatory Acne Treatment

Nakatsuji

Tang²,

Zhang

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundIn the progression of acne vulgaris, the disruption of follicular epithelia by an over-growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) permits the bacteria to spread and become in contact with various skin and immune cells.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe have demonstrated in the present study that the Christie, Atkins, Munch-Peterson (CAMP) factor of P. acnes is a secretory protein with co-hemolytic activity with sphingomyelinase that can confer cytotoxicity to HaCaT keratinocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. The CAMP factor from bacteria and acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) from the host cells were simultaneously present in the culture supernatant only when the cells were co-cultured with P. acnes. Either anti-CAMP factor serum or desipramine, a selective ASMase inhibitor, significantly abrogated the P. acnes-induced cell death of HaCaT and RAW264.7 cells. Intradermal injection of ICR mouse ears with live P. acnes induced considerable ear inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and an increase in cellular soluble ASMase. Suppression of ASMase by systemic treatment with desipramine significantly reduced inflammatory reaction induced by intradermal injection with P. acnes, suggesting the contribution of host ASMase in P. acnes-induced inflammatory reaction in vivo. Vaccination of mice with CAMP factor elicited a protective immunity against P. acnes-induced ear inflammation, indicating the involvement of CAMP factor in P. acnes-induced inflammation. Most notably, suppression of both bacterial CAMP factor and host ASMase using vaccination and specific antibody injection, respectively, cooperatively alleviated P. acnes-induced inflammation.Conclusions/SignificanceThese findings envision a novel infectious mechanism by which P. acnes CAMP factor may hijack host ASMase to amplify bacterial virulence to degrade and invade host cells. This work has identified both CAMP factor and ASMase as potential molecular targets for the development of drugs and vaccines against acne vulgaris.

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“…Tntradermal injection of P. acnes into the ears of rats produced cbronic inflammation with formation of acneiform lesions (9). After injecting bacterial suspensions into sterile keratin cysts, an inflammation was detected tnorphologically (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo Porphyrin Production by P. acnes in Untreated Acne Patients and its Modulation by Acne Treatment

Borelli¹,

Merk²,

Schaller³

et al. 2006

Acta Derm Venereol

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Propionibacterium acnes is often discussed as a contributing pathogenic factor in the aetiology of acne lesions. The aim of this study was to test which porphyrin patterns are synthesized by P. acnes in vivo in untreated acne patients and during standard acne regimens. These photosensitive compounds are potential targets for photo-dynamic therapy of acne and need to be better characterized in the skin. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coproporphyrin III was the main porphyrin identified in all patients. Coproporphyrin I and protoporphyrin were found at considerably lower concentrations. When the porphyrin concentration of individual patients receiving isotretinoin was analysed repeatedly over time, clinical improvement was associated with lowered levels of porphyrins. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in the porphyrin fractions only in the isotretinoin group which was associated with clinical improvement 2 months after starting therapy.

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Acne-like Chronic Inflammatory Activity of Propionibacterium acnes Preparations in an Animal Model: Correlation with Ability to Stimulate the Reticuloendothelial System

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Antimicrobial Property of Lauric Acid Against Propionibacterium Acnes: Its Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris

Antimicrobial Property of Lauric Acid Against Propionibacterium Acnes: Its Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris

Propionibacterium acnes CAMP Factor and Host Acid Sphingomyelinase Contribute to Bacterial Virulence: Potential Targets for Inflammatory Acne Treatment

In vivo Porphyrin Production by P. acnes in Untreated Acne Patients and its Modulation by Acne Treatment

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