Acoustic Analysis of Snoring Sounds by a Multidimensional Voice Program

Hara, Hirotaka; Murakami, Naoto; Y, Miyauchi; Yamashita, Hiroshi

doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000195378.08969.fd

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In general, the diVerences base mostly on the dominant frequency spectra of the snoring sounds. Palatal snoring is reported to consist of low frequency spectra (80-300 Hz), whereas tongue based snoring reveals predominately higher frequency spectra (1,000-4,000 Hz) [1,3,8,10,34]. Despite these eVorts, a precise acoustical discrimination between diVerent snoring sounds is still not possible in somnological standard diagnostic procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These individual changes in psychoacoustic parameters enable the creation of "acoustic Wngerprints" of snoring sounds to identify speciWc types of snoring and to evaluate the degree of annoyance. The frequency analysis by fast Fourier transformation (FFT) has been described as a method to investigate snoring sounds in the recent two decades [1,6,8,10,31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of snoring sound by psychoacoustic parameters

Herzog

Bremert

Herzog³

et al. 2010

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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The analysis of snoring sounds has been in focus for the past two decades. Conventional approaches by fast Fourier transformation face various limitations and demonstrate the necessity for alternative methods of investigation. Psychoacoustic analyses which are common for environmental noise analyses propose a potential approach. The present study investigates the psychoacoustic qualities (loudness, sharpness, roughness) of three different real snoring sounds (primary snoring, PS; Upper airway resistance syndrome, UARS; obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS) and their alterations under increasing, artificially created sound pressure levels (SPL) from 60-85 dB. PS and UARS were detected to obtain a greater loudness as well as a higher increase under increasing SPL than OSAS. The sharpness was higher in PS and UARS, remaining stable under rising SPL compared to OSAS. The intensities of roughness were at higher levels for PS compared to URAS and OSAS, with an increase of all snoring sounds under rising SPL. By merging the psychoacoustic qualities, an individual acoustic fingerprint can be created to differentiate the three types of snoring. A potential application is proposed for the analysis of snoring sounds during polysomnography as well as for an adequate evaluation of the annoyance by snoring sounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of snoring sound by psychoacoustic parameters

Herzog

Bremert

Herzog³

et al. 2010

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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“…Although MDVP has previously been used to look at soft phonation indices in snorers and OSA patients [8], our study used MDVP to try and address site -specific differences. As most our patients exhibited multilevel obstruction, we failed to highlight any obvious site-specific differences in the acoustic parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a specific computer program which is the most widely used software for voice examination. A prospective study by Hara et al [8] concluded that MDVP can indeed be used for snoring sound analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of upper airway obstruction in snoring patients using digital video stroboscopy

Kotecha

Kumar

Sands

et al. 2013

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Stroboscopy is routinely used in voice disorder clinics but its use in studying the mechanisms of upper airway obstruction in patients who snore has not yet been described. This study combines the use of stroboscopy during sleep nasendoscopy to evaluate the oscillations and vibrations observed during snoring in slow motion. In addition, we utilised the multi-dimensional voice programme simultaneously to study some of the acoustic parameters of snoring whilst visualising the dynamics of the upper airway. Forty-five patients with primary snoring or mild obstructive sleep apnoea were recruited at two different centres and underwent sleep nasendoscopy. The simultaneous use of acoustic analysis was included to ascertain whether sound analysis alone could replace the need for using the sedation endoscopy in these patients. The use of a stroboscopic light source indeed enhanced the visualisation during the procedure and some subtle aspects of the mechanisms of upper airway obstruction, such as vibrations of the posterior pharyngeal wall and mucosal waves were identified. Most of the patients in this study exhibited multilevel obstruction and thus acoustic analysis alone would not be sufficient in accurately locating the site of upper airway obstruction in snorers.

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“…The analogy between snoring and voice stems from their common origin in the vocal tract 20 . However, voice recognition techniques have not been widely adopted in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computerized analysis of snoring in sleep apnea syndrome

Shiomi¹,

Pisa²,

Campos³

2011

Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.)

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The International Classification of Sleep Disorders lists 90 disorders. Manifestations, such as snoring, are important signs in the diagnosis of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome; they are also socially undesirable.Objective: The aim of this paper was to present and evaluate a computerized tool that automatically identifies snoring and highlights the importance of establishing the duration of each snoring event in OSA patients. Material and Methods:The low-sampling (200 Hz) electrical signal that indicates snoring was measured during polysomnography. The snoring sound of 31 patients was automatically classified by the software. The Kappa approach was applied to measure agreement between the automatic detection software and a trained observer. Student's T test was applied to evaluate differences in the duration of snoring episodes among simple snorers and OSA snorers.Results: Of a total 43,976 snoring episodes, the software sensitivity was 99.26%, the specificity was 97.35%, and Kappa was 0.96. We found a statistically significant difference (p <0.0001) in the duration of snoring episodes (simple snoring x OSA snorers). Conclusion:This computer software makes it easier to generate quantitative reports of snoring, thereby reducing manual labor. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(4):488-98. BJORL ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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Acoustic Analysis of Snoring Sounds by a Multidimensional Voice Program

Abstract: MDVP can be used for snoring sound analysis as a noninvasive examination of sleep-related breathing disorders for differential diagnosis. However, a suitable option that is rapid and has an easy-to-use interface would be more advantageous for analyzing snoring sounds.

Cited by 45 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of snoring sound by psychoacoustic parameters

Analysis of snoring sound by psychoacoustic parameters

Evaluation of upper airway obstruction in snoring patients using digital video stroboscopy

Computerized analysis of snoring in sleep apnea syndrome

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