Acoustic and bending properties in Pinus elliottii beams obtained from trees of different ages

This paper provides a review on the use of acoustics to measure stiffness of standing trees, stems, and logs. An outline is given of the properties of wood and how these are related to stiffness and acoustic velocity throughout the tree. Factors are described that influence the speed of sound in wood, including the different types of acoustic waves which propagate in tree stems and lumber. Acoustic tools and techniques that have been used to measure the stiffness of wood are reviewed. The reasons for a systematic difference between direct and acoustic measurements of stiffness for standing trees, and methods for correction, are discussed. Other techniques, which have been used in addition to acoustics to try to improve stiffness measurements, are also briefly described. Also reviewed are studies which have used acoustic tools to investigate factors that influence the stiffness of trees. These factors include different silvicultural practices, geographic and environmental conditions, and genetics.

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“…149 Gonçalves et al reported that the rate of acoustic velocity increase with age for Pinus elliottii was highest in younger trees. 147 …”

Section: Additional Factors Affecting Acoustic Velocity In Tree Stemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of stiffness of standing trees and felled logs using acoustics: A review

Legg

Bradley

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…According to Baar et al [42] positive effects of density on wave velocity mostly abolished by some factors such as rigidity, macrostructure and micro-structure, chemical content of wood and others. Besides, age of tree assumed as another factor that affects the wave velocity [49]. Table 2 shows the calculated shear wave velocity through LR, LT, and RT planes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) odunu kesme modüllerinin Ultrasonik dalga yayılımı ile tahmini

Aydın

Ciritcioğlu

2018

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi

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Shear moduli of Calabria pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) predicted using non-destructive test method in this study. Calabria pine logs harvested from Beşkonak, Burdur and sawn in to Radial and Tangential planks. 26 surface polyhedral NDT samples prepared in 65x65x65mm dimensions. All samples acclimatized at 20±1°C temperature and 65% RH conditions. Ultrasonic shear wave velocities of Calabria pine wood calculated using time of flight values. Time of flight values obtained using Olympus EPOCH 650 flaw detector and Panametrics NDT V153 shear wave transducers. Shear moduli predicted using calculated velocities. Average density and moisture content of the non-destructive test samples determined as 0.558g/cm 3 and 12.66%, respectively. Shear wave velocities and shear moduli of LR, LT, and RT planes were determined as 1408, 1306 and 666m/s and 1108, 952 and 248N/mm 2 , respectively.

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“…An acoustic method has often been used for determining the wood quality of standing trees and logs; it could also be used for standing urban trees [31][32][33]. Moreover, earlier studies [34] showed a good correlation (R 2 = 0.63 to 0.91) between stress wave speed and the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOE) of standing trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wood Quality of Small-Leaved Lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) Trees in an Urban Area: A Pilot Study

Šilinskas¹,

Povilaitienė²,

Urbaitis³

et al. 2021

Forests

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This study performed a pilot evaluation of the wood quality—defined by a single parameter: dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEdyn, N mm−2)—of small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) trees in urban areas. A search of the literature revealed few studies which examined the specifics of tree wood development in urban areas. Little is known about the potential of wood from urban trees wood of their suitability for the timber industry. In this study, an acoustic velocity measuring system was used for wood quality assessment of small-leaved lime trees. The MOEdyn parameter was evaluated for small-leaved lime trees growing in two urban locations (along the streets, and in an urban park), with an additional sample of forest sites taken as the control. MOEdyn was also assessed for small-leaved lime trees visually assigned to different health classes. The obtained mean values of MOEdyn of 90–120-year old small-leaved lime trees in urban areas ranged between 2492.2 and 2715.8 N mm−2. For younger trees, the values of MOEdyn were lower in the urban areas than in the forest site. Otherwise, the results of the study showed that the small-leaved lime wood samples were of relatively good quality, even if the tree was classified as moderately damaged (which could cause a potential risk to the community). Two alternatives for urban tree management can be envisaged: (1) old trees could be left to grow to maintain the sustainability of an urban area until their natural death, or (2) the wood from selected moderately damaged trees could be used to create wood products, ensuring long-term carbon retention.

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Acoustic and bending properties in Pinus elliottii beams obtained from trees of different ages

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Measurement of stiffness of standing trees and felled logs using acoustics: A review

Measurement of stiffness of standing trees and felled logs using acoustics: A review

Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) odunu kesme modüllerinin Ultrasonik dalga yayılımı ile tahmini

The Wood Quality of Small-Leaved Lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) Trees in an Urban Area: A Pilot Study

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