Acoustic and structural resonances of the cajon

Ludwigsen, Daniel O.

doi:10.1121/2.0000516

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…[1,2]) and industrial applications. A percussive instrument that finds uses in a large variety of musical genres and has recently become widely diffused is the cajón [3], a wooden box including a supplemental rattle device. Recently, electronics augmentation has made inroads in the conventional design of acoustic cajones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-design of a Smart Cajón

Turchet¹,

McPherson²,

Barthet³

2018

J. Audio Eng. Soc.

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Smart Instruments are a novel family of musical instruments that embed sensors, actuators, wireless connectivity, and semantic audio technologies. This paper reports the findings of a participatory design approach to develop a Smart Cajón, a box-shaped percussion instrument with Internet of Musical Things components. Five initial co-design sessions were conducted with different professional cajón player participants. The players were invited to devise tangible mock-ups by placing provided sensors on an acoustic cajón, and to express desirable use cases and interactions. We then designed and implemented a prototype satisfying performers' common requirements. The prototype was assessed using the concurrent think-aloud protocol. On overall, the smart qualities of the prototype and their potential received positive feedback, and areas of improvements related to expressive control and personalization were highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-design of a Smart Cajón

Turchet¹,

McPherson²,

Barthet³

2018

J. Audio Eng. Soc.

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“…Typically, musicians who play the cajón sit on the top side and slap the front and side panels with their hands. When struck, each panel vibrates causing the displacement of air to produce sound (Ludwigsen, 2017). Striking a cajón panel in different places (e.g., high or low parts, the corners, or the central portion), and with different techniques (e.g., open or closed hands, fingers, palms, knuckles, or fingernails) can produce a variety of distinct percussive sounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Hit Classification in a Smart Cajón

2018

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Smart musical instruments are a class of IoT devices for music making, which encompass embedded intelligence as well as wireless connectivity. In previous work, we established design requirements for a novel smart musical instrument, a smart cajón, following a user-centered approach. This paper describes the implementation and technical evaluation of the designed component of the smart cajón related to hit classification and repurposing. A conventional acoustic cajón was enhanced with sensors to classify position of the hit and the gesture that produced it. The instrument was equipped with five piezo pickups attached to the internal panels and a condenser microphone located inside. The developed sound engine leveraged digital signal processing, sensor fusion, and machine learning techniques to classify the position, dynamics, and timbre of each hit. The techniques were devised and implemented to achieve low latency between action and the electronically-generated sounds, as well as keep computational efficiency high. The system was tuned to classify two main cajón playing techniques at different locations and we conducted evaluations using over 2,000 hits performed by two professional players. We first assessed the classification performance when training and testing data related to recordings from the same player. In this configuration, classification accuracies of 100% were obtained for hit detection and location. Accuracies of over 90% were obtained when classifying timbres produced by the two playing techniques. We then assessed the classifier in a cross-player configuration (training and testing were performed using recordings from different players). Results indicated that while hit location scales relatively well across different players, gesture identification requires that the involved classifiers are trained specifically for each musician.

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Acoustic and structural resonances of the cajon

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Co-design of a Smart Cajón

Co-design of a Smart Cajón

Real-Time Hit Classification in a Smart Cajón

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