Acoustic and temporal correlates of perceived age

Age-Related Differences in Acoustical Aspects of Contrastive Stress in Women

“…This is in agreement with earlier findings regarding Fo and aging women [16,[18][19][20]. These findings have been associated with postmenopausal changes in the tissue struc ture of the larynx [20,37] and increased ede ma of the vocal folds in elderly women [11], Furthermore, the older women in this study consistently exhibited higher mean Fu during stressed words and lower mean Fo during unstressed words, thereby resulting in a great er extent of Fo change.…”

“…12], and continued growth of the craniofacial structures and tissue changes of the pharyngeal, velar, and lingual musculature [13], Such changes contribute to age-related dif ferences in acoustic characteristics of speech at the segmental level. Mean F() of elderly men is higher than that of young men [14][15][16]. Although results are somewhat contradictory, it has generally been demonstrated that the mean Fo of elderly women is lower than that of young women [17][18][19][20], Variability charac teristics, such as Fo standard deviation, Fo range, and jitter, have also been shown to change with age [21,22], Although limited research has been con ducted on age-related intensity changes, Ptacek et al [23] reported that in their investiga tion elderly subjects exhibited a reduction in maximum vocal intensity in comparison to younger subjects.…”

Vocal aging and the impact on daily life: a longitudinal study

“…A survey of the literature on normal age-related voice changes reveals that most studies used crosssectional methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] or used older subject groups in comparison with other matched groups or norm values from the literature. [19][20][21][22][23] Although results are hard to compare because of methodological and intersubject variation, it can be concluded that with advancing age in adulthood, voice and speech quality parameters deteriorate (increased breathiness, increased perturbation of the acoustic voice signal (jitter and shimmer), decreased sound pressure level), and pitch (mean fundamental frequency) seems to increase for males and decrease for females.…”

Acoustic Analysis of Adult Speaker Age

“…In males, F 0 lowers slightly (by about 10 Hz) from young adulthood to middle CA, but then rises considerably (about 35 Hz) with old CA [48,46,2,15,36]. Higher F 0 has been reported to be a cue to old male PA [33,2]. However, there are also studies which have failed to find correlations between mean F 0 and CA in men [3].…”

“…Higher F 0 SD (with greater variation for females) has been found in both men and women with advancing CA and PA [24,49,33,2,43], but sometimes only a minor correlation has been reported, or none at all [3,28,15]. Substantial increases in fundamental amplitude standard deviation (Amp SD) have been demonstrated in older men and women, and have been associated with both CA and PA [53,43].…”