Acoustic Behaviour of Norwegian Killer Whales, &lt;I&gt;Orcinus orca&lt;/I&gt;, During Carousel and Seiner Foraging on Spring-Spawning Herring

Opzeeland, Ilse C. Van; Corkeron, Peter J.; Leyssen, Teo; Similä, Tiu; Parijs, Sofie M. Van

doi:10.1578/am.31.1.2005.110

Cited by 41 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Hitherto, the individual call type has largely been regarded as an arbitrary and interchangeable unit without any specific behavioral significance. Certain call types may be more common in certain contexts (see Deecke et al, 2005;Van Opzeeland et al, 2005) but in general, it has been assumed that the full vocal repertoire is used by social groups to differentiate one another. If this is the sole function, however, it is not clear why so many call types are required.…”

Section: Killer Whales As Candidates For Using Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A tail slap produced a characteristic acoustic signature (Simon et al, 2005;Van Opzeeland et al, 2005) that could be detected when listening through the tag sound recordings. TS periods were defined as the 2-min window flanking any set of at least 3 tail slaps occurring within 2-min of one another.…”

Section: Identifying Tail Slaps and Tail Slapping Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percussive tail slapping sounds, echolocation clicks and numerous pulsed calls make feeding an acoustically active time (Similä & Ugarte, 1993;Van Opzeeland et al, 2005;Simon et al, 2007), which may attract nearby groups of killer whales to a ball of herring that has already been brought to the surface. This may explain the sudden change in direction by the male here since focal tail slapping activity ensued suddenly after roughly 18 minutes of directional swimming following the turn.…”

Section: Oo06_327smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Van Opzeeland et al (2005) explored the vocal behavior of Norwegian killer whales during two types of foraging. Seiner feeding involved orcas feeding on herring discarded from fishing boats.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The behavioral context associated with the acoustic activity of an animal is important when assessing the social, communicative, foraging or other functions of a vocal repe Only one call type showed different rates of production between the two behavioral categories of seiner and carousel feeding (Van Opzeeland et al, 2005 The overall goal of the focal follow was to provide information on group behavior context for the movement and acoustic data streams. At regular intervals once every two minutes, data were recorded on the dynamics of the focal group.…”

Section: Introduction To Dissertation Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orchestration : the movement and vocal behavior of free-ranging Norwegian killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Shapiro¹

2008

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Studying the social and cultural transmission of behavior among animals helps to identify patterns of interaction and information content flowing between individuals. Killer whales are likely to acquire traits culturally based on their population-specific feeding behaviors and group-distinctive vocal repertoires. I used digital tags to explore the contributions of individual Norwegian killer whales to group carousel feeding and the relationships between vocal and non-vocal activity.Periods of tail slapping to incapacitate herring during feeding were characterized by elevated movement variability, heightened vocal activity and call types containing additional orientation cues. Tail slaps produced by tagged animals were identified using a rapid pitch change and occurred primarily within 20m of the surface. Two simultaneously tagged animals maneuvered similarly when tail slapping within 60s of one another, indicating that the position and composition of the herring ball influenced their behavior.Two types of behavioral sequence preceding the tight circling of carousel feeding were apparent. First, the animals engaged in periods of directional swimming. They were silent in 2 of 3 instances, suggesting they may have located other foraging groups by eavesdropping. Second, tagged animals made broad horizontal loops as they dove in a manner consistent with corralling. All 4 of these occasions were accompanied by vocal activity, indicating that this and tail slapping may benefit from social communication. No significant relationship between the call types and the actual movement measurements was found.Killer whale vocalizations traditionally have been classified into discrete call types. Using human speech processing techniques, I considered that calls are alternatively comprised of shared segments that can be recombined to form the stereotyped and variable repertoire. In a classification experiment, the characterization of calls using the whole call, a set of unshared segments, or a set of shared segments yielded equivalent performance. The shared segments required less information to parse the same vocalizations, suggesting a more parsimonious system of representation.This closer examination of the movements and vocalizations of Norwegian killer 3 whales, combined with future work on ontogeny and transmission, will inform our understanding of whether and how culture plays a role in achieving population-specific behaviors in this species. 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: Killer Whales As Candidates For Using Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identifying Tail Slaps and Tail Slapping Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oo06_327smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction To Dissertation Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orchestration : the movement and vocal behavior of free-ranging Norwegian killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Shapiro¹

2008

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Communication by Sound and by Visual, Tactile, and Chemical Sensing

Tyack

2019

Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Odontocetes

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Icelandic herring-eating killer whales feed at night

et al. 2017

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Herring-eating killer whales debilitate herring with underwater tail slaps and likely herd herring into tighter schools using a feeding-specific low-frequency pulsed call (‘herding’ call). Feeding on herring may be dependent upon daylight, as the whales use their white underside to help herd herring; however, feeding at night has not been investigated. The production of feeding-specific sounds provides an opportunity to use passive acoustic monitoring to investigate feeding behaviour at different times of day. We compared the acoustic behaviour of killer whales between day and night, using an autonomous recorder deployed in Iceland during winter. Based upon acoustic detection of underwater tail slaps used to feed upon herring we found that killer whales fed both at night and day: they spent 50% of their time at night and 73% of daytime feeding. Interestingly, there was a significant diel variation in acoustic behaviour. Herding calls were significantly associated with underwater tail slap rate and were recorded significantly more often at night, suggesting that in low-light conditions killer whales rely more on acoustics to herd herring. Communicative sounds were also related to underwater tail slap rate and produced at different rates during day and night. The capability to adapt feeding behaviour to different light conditions may be particularly relevant for predator species occurring in high latitudes during winter, when light availability is limited.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00227-016-3059-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Acoustic Behaviour of Norwegian Killer Whales, <I>Orcinus orca</I>, During Carousel and Seiner Foraging on Spring-Spawning Herring

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Orchestration : the movement and vocal behavior of free-ranging Norwegian killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Orchestration : the movement and vocal behavior of free-ranging Norwegian killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Communication by Sound and by Visual, Tactile, and Chemical Sensing

Icelandic herring-eating killer whales feed at night

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