Acoustic location of infiltration openings in buildings. Final report

Keast, David N.

doi:10.2172/6168258

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Infrared thermography often requires large, consistent indoor‐outdoor temperature differentials in order to register airflow. Sound detection techniques do not work well for building elements that have long, complex routes, 189 while smoke plumes can be easily disturbed by movement of people or from competing airflows.…”

Section: Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter‐zonal airflow in multi‐unit residential buildings: A review of the magnitude and interaction of driving forces, measurement techniques and magnitudes, and its impact on building performance

Lozinsky

Touchie

2020

Indoor Air

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As cities densify, multi-unit residential buildings (MURBs) are becoming an integral part of the world's housing stock. In Toronto, Canada's largest city, MURBs comprise approximately 47% of the total housing stock. 1 In London and New York City, MURBs account for approximately 51% and 82% of the total housing stock, respectively. 2,3 As a building class, MURBs are incredibly diverse. They can be an apartment-style building, where there is a common entrance and the building is divided into suites. MURBs can also comprise of townhouse or row-house dwellings, where each suite/unit has its own entrance. They can range in height from two storeys to upwards of 70 storeys. The one constant is that there are multiple households sharing common structural and/or building systems. In recent years, there has been a lot of attention to the effects of air infiltration on building performance-particularly related to

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Section: Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that have long, complex routes, 189 while smoke plumes can be easily disturbed by movement of people or from competing airflows.…”

Section: Sound Detection Techniques Do Not Work Well For Building Elementioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐zonal airflow in multi‐unit residential buildings: A review of the magnitude and interaction of driving forces, measurement techniques and magnitudes, and its impact on building performance

Lozinsky

Touchie

2020

Indoor Air

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“…The ASTM E1186 standard [7] introduces an acoustic approach for detecting leaks, proposing the use of sound detection. Originating from the work of Keast et al [15] in the 1970s, this standard highlights the use of acoustic measurements for assessing building envelope integrity. Despite its potential, the efficacy and accuracy of this acoustic method have not yet been comprehensively studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Testing of an Acoustic Method for Locating Air Leakages in Building Envelopes

Schiricke,

Diel,

Kölsch

2024

Buildings

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Maintaining the airtightness of building envelopes is critical to the energy efficiency of buildings, yet leak detection remains a significant challenge, particularly during building refurbishment. This study addresses the effectiveness of the acoustic beamforming measurement method in identifying leaks in building envelopes. For this reason, an in-field study employing the acoustic beamforming measurement method was conducted. The study involved testing over 30 rooms across three different multi-story office buildings of varying ages and heterogeneous envelope structures. Numerous leaks were located in the façades, which were subsequently visually confirmed or even verified with smoke sticks. The data, captured using an acoustic camera (a microphone ring array), revealed distinct spectra that indicate the method’s potential for further research. The basic functionality and the significant potential of this methodology for localizing leakages in large buildings were proven.

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“…One possible acoustic approach has already been suggested in the ASTM E1186 [8] standard, based on the work done by Keast et al [15,16]. Among other methods like building pressurization and tracer gas detection, this standard recommends the use of sound detection, which is still rarely applied in buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of air leakage paths: a comparison of airflow and acoustic measurements

Kölsch

Walker

Schiricke

et al. 2021

International Journal of Ventilation

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Today, the fan pressurization method is the most frequently used method to evaluate a buildings' airtightness. However, the localization and quantification of leaks remain difficult. In this paper, an acoustic method is introduced to estimate the leakage size of single leaks.Acoustic and airflow measurements were conducted and compared in laboratory tests within the same boundary conditions. This work aims to investigate if various leak sizes can be predicted using acoustic measurement methods. The test apparatus consists of two chambers, separated by a test wall. This wall represents a single characteristic air leakage path. Various types of wall structures with different slit geometries, wall thicknesses, and insulation materials were investigated. The acoustic measurements were performed with a sound source placed in one chamber and ultrasonic microphones located in both chambers. These results were compared to measured airflows through the test wall to provide estimates of uncertainty in the acoustic approach, which indicate a linear trend. Finally, these laboratory measurements were compared to the same measurements at a real office building. Although the acoustic measurement uncertainty is still significant (greater than +/-50 %), the acoustic method has the potential to give an order of magnitude of single leak sizes.

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Acoustic location of infiltration openings in buildings. Final report

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Inter‐zonal airflow in multi‐unit residential buildings: A review of the magnitude and interaction of driving forces, measurement techniques and magnitudes, and its impact on building performance

Inter‐zonal airflow in multi‐unit residential buildings: A review of the magnitude and interaction of driving forces, measurement techniques and magnitudes, and its impact on building performance

Field Testing of an Acoustic Method for Locating Air Leakages in Building Envelopes

Quantification of air leakage paths: a comparison of airflow and acoustic measurements

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