Acoustically actuated ultra-compact NEMS magnetoelectric antennas

Nan, Tianxiang; Lin, Hao; Gao, Yuan; Matyushov, Alexei; Yu, Guoliang; Chen, Huaihao; Sun, Nian X.; Wei, Shengjun; Wang, Zhiguang; Li, Menghui; Wang, Xinjun; Belkessam, Amine M.; Guo, Rongdi; Chen, Brian; Zhou, Jian; Qian, Zhenyun; Huang, Yu; Rinaldi, Matteo; McConney, Michael E.; Howe, Brandon M.; Hu, Zhongqiang; Jones, John G.; Brown, Gail J.

doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00343-8

Cited by 357 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Note that the natural wavelength of the oscillator can be much larger than its size. Recently, radio communication saw the development of nanomechanical magnetoelectric (ME) antennas, which resonate at wavelengths 1000 times larger than their size (Nan et al 2017;Shi et al 2016) . An additional conversion factor is that electromagnetic oscillations are coupled with the acoustic oscillations in biological tissues.…”

Section: Fig [Spectrum] Frequency Ranges Used For Therapy (Lllt -Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible traces of resonance signaling in the genome

Savelev

Myakishev-Rempel

2020

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology

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Although theories regarding the role of sequence-specific DNA resonance in biology have abounded for over 40 years, the published evidence for it is lacking. Here, the authors reasoned that for sustained resonance signaling, the number of oscillating DNA sequences per genome should be exceptionally high and that, therefore, genomic repeats of various sizes are good candidates for serving as resonators. Moreover, it was suggested that for the two DNA sequences to resonate, they do not necessarily have to be identical. Therefore, the existence of sequences differing in the primary sequence but having similar resonating sub-structures was proposed. It was hypothesized that such sequences, named HIDERs, would be enriched in the genomes of multicellular species. Specifically, it was hypothesized that delocalized electron clouds of purine-pyrimidine sequences could serve as the basis of HIDERs. The consequent computational genomic analysis confirmed the enrichment of purine-pyrimidine HIDERs in a few selected genomes of mammals, an insect, and a plant, compared to randomized sequence controls. Similarly, it was suggested that hypothetical delocalized proton clouds of the hydrogen bonds of multiple stacked bases could serve as sequence-dependent hydrogen-bond-based HIDERs. Similarly, the enrichment of such HIDERs was observed. It is suggested that these enrichments are the first evidence in support of sequence-specific resonance signaling in the genome.Ninety-seven years ago, Alexander Gurwitsch proposed the existence of a morphogenetic field that is created by the body and is responsible for developing and maintaining the shape of the body (A. Gurwitsch 1922) . He and others demonstrated that biological organisms influence the development of each other at short distances and that some of this influence is blocked by optical filters, suggesting that the morphogenic field is of an electromagnetic nature (A. A. Gurwitsch 1988;Volodyaev and Beloussov 2015) . In 1968, Frohlich predicted that in the presence of constant energy flux, cell and organelle membranes produce coherent waves in the millimeter-wave region, thus creating a coherent state and enabling electric wave signaling in living organisms (Frohlich 1988) . In 1973, Miller and Web further proposed that it is DNA that is producing the morphogenic field and that the genomic code is directly sending and receiving the information from the morphogenic field (Miller and Webb 1973) . The experiments verifying the existence of biological fields involve two samples such as cell culture aliquots in sealed quartz cuvettes separated by optical filters. When one of the aliquots is perturbed, the second one may catch a signal that is transferred non-chemically and is blocked by light-impermeable filters. Such effects are often referred to as "non-chemical cell-cell communication" and are reviewed in refs (Cifra, Fields, and Farhadi 2011;Scholkmann, Fels, and Cifra 2013;Trushin 2004;Xu et al. 2017) . Burlakov experimentally demonstrated that the optical distortion by quartz retr...

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Section: Fig [Spectrum] Frequency Ranges Used For Therapy (Lllt -Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible traces of resonance signaling in the genome

Savelev

Myakishev-Rempel

2020

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology

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“…Bayesian inference engines [22,23], image processing [24,25], ternary content addressable memory [26], restricted Boltzmann machines [27]) and sub-wavelength antennas [28][29][30] to name a few. There, the high error rate may be tolerable and the excellent energy efficiency is a welcome boon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Magnetoelastic Switching of Nonideal Nanomagnets with Defects: A Case Study for the Viability of Straintronic Logic and Memory

et al. 2019

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Magneto-elastic (straintronic) switching of bistable magnetostrictive nanomagnets is an extremely energyefficient switching methodology for (magnetic) binary switches that has recently attracted widespread attention because of its potential application in ultra-low-power digital computing hardware. Unfortunately, this modality of switching is also error very prone at room temperature. Theoretical studies of switching error probability of magneto-elastic switches have predicted probabilities ranging from 10 -8 -10 -3 at room temperature for ideal, defect-free nanomagnets, but experiments with real nanomagnets show a much higher probability that exceeds 0.1 in some cases. To understand what causes this large difference, we have theoretically studied the effect of common defects (that occur during fabrication) on magneto-elastic switching probability in the presence of room-temperature thermal noise. Surprisingly, we found that even small defects increase the switching error probabilities by orders of magnitude. This could limit or preclude the application of magneto-elastic (straintronic) binary switches in either Boolean logic or memory, despite their excellent energy-efficiency, and restrict them to non-Boolean (e.g. neuromorphic, stochastic) computing applications. We also studied the difference between magneto-elastic switching with a stress pulse of constant amplitude and sinusoidal time-varying amplitude (e.g. due to a surface acoustic wave) and found that the latter method is more reliable and generates lower switching error probabilities in most cases, provided the time variation is reasonably slow.

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“…By exploiting this transduction mechanism, magnetoelectrics do not suffer from the same miniaturization constraints as coils and can be driven by weak magnetic fields on the order of a few millitesla. These properties have led researchers to propose magnetoelectrics as a promising material for bioelectronic implants (Nan et al 2017;O'Handley et al 2008;Yue et al 2012;Guduru et al 2015;Ribeiro et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetoelectric materials for miniature, wireless neural stimulation at therapeutic frequencies

Wickens

Avants

Verma

et al. 2018

Preprint

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A fundamental challenge for bioelectronics is to deliver power to miniature devices inside the body. Wires are common failure points and limit device placement. On the other hand, wireless power by electromagnetic or ultrasound waves must overcome absorption by the body and impedance mismatches between air, bone, and tissue. In contrast, magnetic fields suffer little absorption by the body or differences in impedance at interfaces between air, bone, and tissue. These advantages have led to magneticallypowered stimulators based on induction or magnetothermal effects. However, fundamental limitations in these power transfer technologies have prevented miniature magnetically-powered stimulators from applications in many therapies and disease models because they do not operate in clinical "highfrequency" ranges above 50 Hz. Here we show that magnetoelectric materials -applied in bioelectronic devices -enable miniature magnetically-powered neural stimulators that can operate up to clinically-relevant high-frequencies.As an example, we show that ME neural stimulators can effectively treat the symptoms of a hemi-Parkinson's disease model in freely behaving rodents. We further demonstrate that ME-powered devices can be miniaturized to mmsized devices, fully implanted, and wirelessly powered in freely behaving rodents. These results suggest that ME materials are an excellent candidate for wireless power delivery that will enable miniature bioelectronics for both clinical and research applications.

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Acoustically actuated ultra-compact NEMS magnetoelectric antennas

Cited by 357 publications

References 47 publications

Possible traces of resonance signaling in the genome

Possible traces of resonance signaling in the genome

Reliability of Magnetoelastic Switching of Nonideal Nanomagnets with Defects: A Case Study for the Viability of Straintronic Logic and Memory

Magnetoelectric materials for miniature, wireless neural stimulation at therapeutic frequencies

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