Acoustics based assessment of a composite material under very high cycle fatigue loading

Venkat, Ramanan Sridaran; Starke, Peter; Boller, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-24531-3_21

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The higher-order harmonics due to damage during ultrasonic fatigue testing were already investigated using signals from a single-point Laser Doppler Vibrometer and optical laser microphone [ 68 ]. In another study, acoustic signals from a contactless optical laser microphone were used for non-linear analysis of damage evolution in CFRP during VHCF [ 69 ]. Studies on material non-linearity parameters are not new.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A substantial monotonic increase in material non-linearity of Ti-6-Al-4V due to fatigue loading was reported in [ 70 , 71 ]. Later, this approach was used to detect early damage detection in CFRP [ 69 , 72 ]. However, the damage cannot be quantified when the optical laser microphone is the only in situ damage characterization technique.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Online and Ex Situ Damage Characterization Techniques for Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Ultrasonic Cyclic Three-Point Bending

Premanand,

Prescher,

Rienks

et al. 2024

Polymers

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With ultrasonic fatigue testing (UFT), it is possible to investigate the damage initiation and accumulation from the weakest link of the composite material in the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime in a shorter time frame than conventional fatigue testing. However, the thermal influence on the mechanical fatigue of composites and the scatter in fatigue data for composites under ultrasonic cyclic three-point bending loading still need to be investigated. In this study, we conducted interrupted constant-amplitude fatigue experiments on a carbon-fiber satin-fabric reinforced in poly-ether-ketone-ketone (CF-PEKK) composite material. These experiments were carried out using a UFT system, which operates at a cyclic frequency of 20 kHz with a pulse–pause sequence. Various parameters, such as the CF-PEKK specimen’s surface temperature, acoustic activity, and the ultrasonic generator’s input resonance parameters, were measured during cyclic loading. During experiment interruption, stiffness measurement and volumetric damage characterization in the CF-PEKK specimens using 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) were performed. The locations of damage initiation and accumulation and their influence on the changes in in situ parameters were characterized. Under fixed loading conditions, damage accumulation occurred at different locations, leading to scattering in fatigue life data. Further, the damage population decreased from the surface to the bulk of the composite material.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online and Ex Situ Damage Characterization Techniques for Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Ultrasonic Cyclic Three-Point Bending

Premanand,

Prescher,

Rienks

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…Therefore, in the authors' point of view, axial USF tests strictly demand proper strategies to control the temperature during the test, thus guaranteeing the reliability of the results on FRP composites. It is worth remarking that previous studies 2,26,93 have adopted pulse and pause strategies, where the vibrating input displacement is provided during the pulse time, while during the pause, the specimen cools down also through the help of a cooling system.…”

Section: Overview and Practical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional approaches to hydraulic fatigue testing may not be a feasible method for industries because of protracted testing durations; attaining N f = 10 9 cycles at a frequency of 5 Hz requires approximately 6.3 years. 26,27 Ultrasonic fatigue (USF) testing at a frequency of 20 kHz has been implemented as the most popular and convenient alternative to accelerate fatigue test data generation. 28,29 Initiating VHCF research on CFRPs in the 1970s, Schütz and Gerharz 30 demonstrated that CFRPs lack the conventional fatigue limit that is characteristic of VHCF materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the significance of researching this material in the VHCF regime is a critical aspect of the applicability of new materials. Conventional approaches to hydraulic fatigue testing may not be a feasible method for industries because of protracted testing durations; attaining N f = 10 9 cycles at a frequency of 5 Hz requires approximately 6.3 years 26,27 . Ultrasonic fatigue (USF) testing at a frequency of 20 kHz has been implemented as the most popular and convenient alternative to accelerate fatigue test data generation 28,29 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Very high cycle fatigue of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites: Uniaxial ultrasonic fatigue

Behvar,

Sojoodi,

Elahinia

et al. 2024

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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This review explores uniaxial ultrasonic fatigue (USF) testing as a common and dependable method for quantifying the extended fatigue life of fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The objective is to explain the complexities governing the fatigue life behavior of FRPs, particularly in the realm of very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) where the number of loading cycles exceeds 107. To this end, this review encompasses the analysis of VHCF behavior, including the derivation and interpretation of stress–life (S–N) data, the evaluation of various fatigue damage mechanisms (i.e., controlling mechanisms of crack initiation and propagation) exhibited in FRP composites, and a thorough investigation of the frequency‐dependent effects on fatigue responses. Furthermore, this review tries to analyze the microscopic intricacies intrinsic to the VHCF failure of FRP composites, encompassing aspects such as fiber‐matrix de‐bonding, matrix cracking, and delamination, unveiling their modes and effects in a detailed manner. This review also underscores the pivotal integration of simulations, machine learning, and modeling techniques, emphasizing their crucial role in explaining both macroscopic and microscopic interactions governing the VHCF of FRPs.

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Acoustics based assessment of a composite material under very high cycle fatigue loading

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Online and Ex Situ Damage Characterization Techniques for Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Ultrasonic Cyclic Three-Point Bending

Online and Ex Situ Damage Characterization Techniques for Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Ultrasonic Cyclic Three-Point Bending

Very high cycle fatigue of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites: Uniaxial ultrasonic fatigue

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