Acoustooptic deflection materials and techniques

Uchida, Naoya; Niizeki, Nobukazu

doi:10.1109/proc.1973.9212

Cited by 220 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The 2-D three-channel Bragg acousto-optic device is designed and fabricated. The device is made of dense flint glass due to their relatively high figure of merit, fairly low attenuation (M 2 = 4.51 Â 10 À15 s 3 /kg, refractive index n 0 = 1.616, velocity of acoustic wave V a = 3630 m/s) [18,19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional multi-channel acousto-optic diffraction

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2010

Ultrasonics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional multi-channel acousto-optic diffraction

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2010

Ultrasonics

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“…As the electromagnetic field is periodic, it can be decomposed into a Fourier-series 14 . Putting the Fourier decomposition into the wave equation and omitting higher order components, for scalar, slowly varying field, i.e.…”

Section: Basic Concepts Of Acousto-opticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory tools and e-learning elements in training of acousto-optics

et al. 2015

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Due to the acousto-optic (AO) effect, the refractive index of an optical interaction medium is perturbed by an acoustic wave induced in the medium that builds up a phase grating that will diffract the incident light beam if the condition of constructive interference is satisfied. All parameters, such as magnitude, period or phase of the grating can be controlled that allows the construction of useful devices (modulators, switches, one or multi-dimensional deflectors, spectrum analyzers, tunable filters, frequency shifters, etc.) The research and training of acousto-optics have a long-term tradition at our department. In this presentation, we introduce the related laboratory exercises fitted into an e-learning frame. The BSc level exercise utilizes a laser source and an AO cell to demonstrate the effect and principal AO functions explaining signal processing terms such as amplitude or frequency modulation, modulation depth and Fourier transformation ending up in building a free space sound transmitting and demodulation system. The setup for MSc level utilizes an AO filter with mono-and polychromatic light sources to learn about spectral analysis and synthesis. Smart phones can be used to generate signal inputs or outputs for both setups as well as to help students' preparation and reporting.

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“…123) In an acoustic medium such as tellurium dioxide, lead molybdate, or fused silica, sound waves cause diffraction of light. [124][125][126] In random-access multiphoton microscopy with acousto-optic deflectors, the frequency of sound waves adjusts the pitch of a diffraction grating, controlling the direction of a light beam. This technique was first applied to scanning microscopy 127) and has been extended to deal with 2D sampling.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Application and Technology of Functional Multineuron Calcium Imaging

Namiki

Ikegaya

2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Here we describe recent applications and technical advancements of functional multineuron calcium imaging (fMCI), which monitors the firing activity of more than a thousand neurons through their somatic Ca 2؉ signals. fMCI is used for analysis of various neural circuits under normal and pathological conditions. In vitro fMCI is made more sophisticated by using multipoint illumination and scanning technology with spinning-disk and low-laser-intensity imaging, electron-multiplying charge-coupled device cameras, etc. In vivo fMCI is still developing. We review optical technologies for fast scanning imaging, deep tissue imaging, and recording from moving animals.Key words calcium imaging; functional multineuron calcium imaging; large-scale recording; scanning; spinning disk Review January 2009 1 Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32(1) 1-9 (2009) © 2009 Pharmaceutical Society of Japan * To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: ikegaya@mol.f.u-tokyo.ac.jp tation is removed with a small aperture called a pinhole which functions as a spatial filter 31) ; that is, light emitted from the focal spot efficiently passes through the pinhole, while the vast majority of emission light arising from the outside area is physically blocked. To acquire a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image of a specimen, the focal spot is moved with servomotor-controlled mirrors called Galvano-mirrors, servomotor-controlled stages, etc. Scanned emission light is detected by a photomultiplier tube (PMT). PMT detects a photon via a photoelectric effect and amplifies the signal 10 5 -10 8 times through multiple charged cathodes, in which an incoming photoelectron produces secondary electrons. The amplified electrons are converted into electric currents by an anode.Nipkow Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy: Spinning Disk with Multi-Pinholes The second implementation is the use of multi-point illumination with many pinholes on a spinning plate termed a Nipkow disk. A rotating spinning disk has multiple pinholes through which laser lines embody multisite focal illumination and detection. The commercially available apparatus, Yokogawa's spinning disk, is further sophisticated. The system uses an additional spinning disk that contains a ca. 20000 microlens array for light convergence on the corresponding pinholes on a Nipkow disk.32) The light focusing also helps reduce scattering light, improving the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, pinholes are strategically aligned in space to achieve uniform illumination over the field of view. 33,34) The latest version of Yokogawa's spinning disk, CSU-X1, is more improved in terms of the light use efficiency, about two-fold higher than the previous version, CSU-10. In CSU-X1, reduction of mechanical noise from its disk-driving part allows realization of 10000 revolutions per minute. Because the helical pinhole distribution covers the whole field of view every 30°of disk rotation, CSU-X1 enables the maximum sampling rate of 2000 Hz.Charge-Coupled Device Technology Spinning disk confocal microscopy simultaneously...

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Acoustooptic deflection materials and techniques

Cited by 220 publications

References 100 publications

Two-dimensional multi-channel acousto-optic diffraction

Two-dimensional multi-channel acousto-optic diffraction

Laboratory tools and e-learning elements in training of acousto-optics

Current Application and Technology of Functional Multineuron Calcium Imaging

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