Acquired Cystic Disease of the Kidney in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Patients

Abstract

Acquired Cystic Disease of the Kidney (ACDK) has been increasingly noted in patients with long-standing renal failure and in those treated with dialysis. We assessed the prevalence of different patterns of cysts in 48 randomly selected patients treated with CAPD (23.1 ± 16.0 months). Only 3 patients had been previously treated with hemodialysis. All patients underwent renal ultrasonography (US) and nine underwent computerized tomography (CT). In 22 patients no cysts were found. The other 24 patients were Included In three different groups. Group 1: Cysts that predominate In the renal cortex from 0.3 to 3.0 cm In diameter: 14 patients. Group 2: Cysts less than 0.3 cm in diameter (granular-microcystic pattern): 4 patients. Group 3: SolItary cysts 1 to 3: 6 patients. US and CT are relIable and sensitive enough to detect cysts even smaller than 0.3 cm in diameter. The incidence of patients with renal cysts increases with the duration of CAPD. Cysts less than 0.3 cm In diameter (Group 2) could correspond to an initial stage of Group 1 cysts or to a new aspect of ACDK. Group 1 and Group 2 cysts were predominant In male patients, while Isolated renal cysts were more frequent in females.

Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease and Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review

“…Both male and female patients may develop ACKD. While some investigators reported no gender difference (7, 17, 21), others showed a definite male predominance (10,24,25,(28)(29)(30). Variable patient selection criteria account for these differences.…”

“…It has been claimed that blacks have a greater tendency to develop ACKD than whites (21), yet other studies failed to show this (22, 31), and few reports of ACKD specify the race of patients studied. Patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis were reported to develop ACKD less frequently than patients on hemodialysis ( 18, 24), but subsequent reports showed no difference in prevalence of ACKD (7,27,30,35,36).…”