Acquired enamel pellicle protects gastroesophageal reflux disease patients against erosive tooth wear

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the protein profile of the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) formed in vivo in patients with or without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and with or without erosive tooth wear (ETW). Twenty-four volunteers were divided into 3 groups: 1) GERD and ETW; 2) GERD without ETW; and 3) control (without GERD). The AEP formed 120 min after prophylaxis was collected from the lingual/palatal surfaces. The samples were subjected to mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS/MS) and label-free quantification by Protein Lynx Global Service software. A total of 213 proteins were identified, or 119, 92 and 106 from each group, respectively. Group 2 showed a high number of phosphorylated and calciumbinding proteins. Twenty-three proteins were found in all the groups, including 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta and 1-phosphatidylinositol. Several intracellular proteins that join saliva after the exfoliation of oral mucosa cells might have the potential to bind hydroxyapatite, or participate in forming supramolecular aggregates that bind to precursor proteins in the AEP. Proteins might play a central role in protecting the dental surface against acid dissolution.

Hemoglobin Protects Enamel against Intrinsic Enamel Erosive Demineralization

“…These structures are multiprotein complexes comprising integrins, forming mechanical linkages between intracellular actin bundles and the extracellular substrate in multiple cell types. Intracellular proteins were also prominently featured in the proteomic analysis of previous studies [13,25]. They appear to be integral to some important structural arrangements within the AEP.…”

“…Acquired pellicle engineering with acid-resistant proteins has emerged as an innovative and promising tool to prevent dental caries [18] and ETW [13,19,20]. Various studies, utilizing in vitro [21][22][23][24], in situ [19], and in vivo [13,20,25] protocols, have demonstrated the potential of CaneCPI-5, StN15, and HB in reducing dental demineralization. However, before dental products containing these proteins/peptide can be widely employed to manage dental caries and/or ETW, a deeper understanding of their mechanism of action and additional evidence on their efficacy, particularly from studies that closely mimic clinical conditions, are needed.…”

“…Ten volunteers (4 males and 6 females, age range [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] participated in this in vivo study. The volunteers met the following inclusion criteria: good health, both oral and general (could not present gingivitis, dental caries, periodontal disease, or any oral cavity changes that might alter oral fluids' composition), absence of restorations on the buccal surfaces of all upper and lower teeth, non-smokers, and not on medication that might decrease saliva flow.…”

“…They appear to be integral to some important structural arrangements within the AEP. The fact that 22% of biological processes pertain to the differentiation of keratinocytes and 6% to the regulation of epidermal development may be associated with proteins from desquamated epithelial cells, which are also components of the AEP [25,32].…”

Acquired enamel pellicle engineering for protection against dental erosion: in vivo evaluation of the protective effect of sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5), hemoglobin and statherin-derived peptide (StN15)

“…Ten volunteers (4 males and 6 females, age range [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] participated in this in vivo study. The volunteers met the following inclusion criteria: good health, both oral and general (could not present gingivitis, dental caries, periodontal disease, nor any oral cavity changes that might alter oral fluids' composition), absence of restorations on the buccal surfaces of all upper and lower teeth, non-smokers and not on medication that might decrease saliva flow.…”