Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome With Severe Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Haiti

Malebranche, Rodolphe; Guerin, J. M.; Laroche, Audrée; Elie, Robert; Spira, Thomas J.; Drotman, Peter; Arnoux, E; Pierre, Gérard; Pean-Guichard, C; Morisset, P.H; Mandeville, Rosemonde; Seemayer, Thomas A.; Dupuy, J. M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90868-1

Cited by 182 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[5][6][7] The etiology of diarrheal disease appears to vary by geographic region. 8,9 In patients with HIV in Africa, diarrheal disease and wasting are a more common complication of HIV infection than they are in the United States and Western Europe, and parasitic pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium parvum, appear to be a more frequent etiologic agents than in the United States and Western Europe. Additionally, in series of extensively studied patients with HIV and diarrhea, a significant proportion of patients remain without an identified etiology for their diarrheal illness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

Wanke

Cohan²,

Thummakul³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

Wanke

Cohan²,

Thummakul³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…These authors suggest that the homosexual or bisexual activity of oro-anal intercourse accounts for the relatively high prevalence (4.2%) of cryptosporidiosis in such patients compared with heterosexual male and female AIDS patients (2.1%). In immunocompromised patients, and particularly in AIDS patients, symptoms are prolonged with profuse watery diarrhoea which can be life-threatening (Malebranche et al, 1983;Modigliani et al, 1985;Gelb and Miller, 1986). Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Cryptosporidium Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

'Protozoan' Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient--The Parasites and their Diagnosis

Girdwood

1989

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Haitian MSM have been a hidden and stigmatized population since the early days of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, 1 and despite 30 years of funded research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ AIDS in Haiti, the emphasis has been on preventing motherto-child transmission and clinical surveillance of the general population. 2 However, recent work on Haitian MSM shows that 30 % of Haitian men living with AIDS in the United States self-report male-to-male sexual contact as their primary route of HIV transmission, 3 and the majority of MSM living in Haiti report a bisexual orientation, which means they are able to contribute to a generalized HIV epidemic through bridges between them and heterosexual women in Haiti.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Validity of the Haitian Creole PHQ-9

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND: There is limited information on depression in Haitians and this is partly attributable to the absence of culturally and linguistically adapted measures for depression. OBJECTIVE: To perform a psychometric evaluation of the Haitian-Creole version of the PHQ-9 administered to men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Republic of Haiti. DESIGN: This study uses a cross-sectional design and data are from the Integrated Behavioral and Biological HIV Survey (IBBS) for MSM in Haiti. PARTICIPANTS: Inclusion criteria required that participants be male, ≥ 18 years, report sexual relations with a male partner in the last 12 months, and lived in Haiti during the past 3 months. Respondent Driven Sampling was used for participant recruitment. MAIN MEASURES: A structured questionnaire was verbally administered in Haitian-Creole capturing information on sociodemographics, sexual behaviors, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and depressive symptomatology using the PHQ-9. Psychometric analyses of the translated PHQ-9 assessed unidimensionality, factor structure, reliability, construct validity, and differential item functioning (DIF) across subgroups (age, educational level, sexual orientation and HIV status). KEY RESULTS: In a study population of 1,028 MSM, the Haitian-Creole version of the PHQ-9 is unidimensional, has moderately high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.78), and shows evidence of construct validity where HIV-positive subjects have greater depression (p=0.002). There is no evidence of DIF across age, education, sexual orientation or HIV status. HIVpositive MSM are twice as likely to screen positive for moderately severe and severe depressive symptoms compared to their HIV-negative counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: There is strong evidence for the psychometric adequacy of the translated PHQ-9 screening tool as a measure of depression with MSM in Haiti. Future research is necessary to examine the predictive validity of depression for subsequent health behaviors or clinical outcomes among Haitian MSM.KEYWORDS: Depression; Haiti; HIV/AIDS; International health; men who have sex with men.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome With Severe Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Haiti

Cited by 182 publications

References 26 publications

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

'Protozoan' Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient--The Parasites and their Diagnosis

Reliability and Validity of the Haitian Creole PHQ-9

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