Acquired multi-azole resistance in Candida tropicalis during persistent urinary tract infection in a dog

Abstract

Multi-azole resistance acquisition by Candida tropicalis after prolonged antifungal therapy in a dog with urinary candidiasis is reported. Pre- and post-azole treatment isolates were clonally related and had identical silent mutations in the ERG11 gene, but the latter displayed increased azole minimum inhibitory concentrations. A novel frameshift mutation in ERG3 was found in some isolates recovered after resistance development, so it appears unlikely that this mutation is responsible for multi-azole resistance.

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Ascomycetous Yeasts Isolated from Animals

“…In conclusion, despite our recent report of multiazole resistance acquisition by C. tropicalis during the course of a clinical case (14), the results of this study suggest that, in Spain, antifungal resistance might not be yet widespread among ascomycetous yeast isolates of veterinary origin. Nevertheless, as animals can act as reservoirs of resistant strains, continuous monitoring of antifungal susceptibility by validated methods is recommended.…”

“…We recently reported a case of multiazole resistance acquisition by C. tropicalis after prolonged antifungal therapy in a dog with urinary tract infection (14). However, the prevalence of antifungal-resistant yeasts in the veterinary setting remains underexplored in Spain, where susceptibility testing of animal isolates is still uncommon.…”

Cytotoxic Action of Artemisinin and Scopoletin on Planktonic Forms and on Biofilms of Candida Species

“…Ar and Sc possess dose-dependent antifungal action but the underlying mechanism type (fungistatic and fungicidal) is not clear yet. Our data suggest that Ar and Sc found in herbal plants might have potential usage in the fight against Candida biofilms.Molecules 2020, 25, 476 2 of 18 infections [2,4,5]. In certain individuals with immune-compromised status, the Candida species might induce consequent infection.…”

“…Environmental imbalance because of nutritional change or pH shifting facilitates the abnormal growth of Candida species which results in candidiasis [6]. Candida species attack the gut epithelium barriers to reach the bloodstream via micro-fold cells (M cells) that are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of Peyer's patches in the small intestine promoting intestinal infections [4]. Esophageal candidiasis is one of the major and common infections in people living with HIV/AIDS [1].…”

“…Molecules 2020, 25, 476 2 of 18 infections [2,4,5]. In certain individuals with immune-compromised status, the Candida species might induce consequent infection.…”