Acquired Port-Wine Stain in a Pediatric Patient

Abstract

None of the proposed etiologies, such as trauma, chronic sun exposure, or hormonal medication, was applicable to our patient, and a literature review showed us that acquired PWSs give a faster and better response to pulsed dye laser therapy than congenital lesions do.

A case of acquired port wine stain: an association with repeated sunburn?

“…Histologic examination of PWS reveals ectatic capillaries and postcapillary venules in the papillary and reticular dermis. The number of vessels is not increased, and there is no endothelial proliferation . Progressive fibrosis develops around the vessels at later stages along with dilatation of the channels.…”

“…There are less than 75 cases of acquired PWS reported in the literature . Various factors such as acoustic neuroma, obstruction of a peritoneovenous shunt, oral contraceptives, isotretinoin, herpes zoster, mechanical trauma, pregnancy, frostbite injury, cluster headache, glaucoma, pyogenic granuloma, tufted angioma, and chronic sun damage of the face have been associated with PWS . However, in the majority of cases, no causative factor was found.…”

“…PWS are mainly congenital vascular malformations seen in 0.3–1% of newborn infants . At birth, PWS are pink, purple, or red macules and patches with well‐defined borders . These vascular malformations have normal endothelial cell cycle and become more irregularly surfaced in adult life.…”

Early Morphea Mimicking Acquired Port‐Wine Stain

“…An acquired PWS that develops after obvious trauma is called Fegeler syndrome after the physician who first reported the association in 1949 . Clinically and histopathologically an acquired PWS is indistinguishable from a congenital PWS . Neither acquired nor congenital vascular stains improve spontaneously, but both respond to PDL treatment.…”