Acquired Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation Following Dilatation and Curettage Treated with Bilateral Uterine Artery Embolization: A Case Report

Abstract

Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare, potentially life-threatening cause of abnormal uterine bleeding that can be acquired following uterine instrumentation. We herein report a case of acquired uterine AVM following dilatation and curettage (D&C) that was successfully treated with bilateral embolization using Gelfoam (Pfizer, New York, USA) pledgets.

A Case of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation with Retained Products of Conception, Presenting as Secondary Post-Partum Haemorrhage

“…Management of uterine AVM depends on the haemodynamic status of the patient, size and site of the lesion, degree of bleeding symptoms, age of the patient, desire for future fertility [1][2][3] and the availability of medical expertise. Available treatment modalities include medications like uterotonics and the combined contraceptive pill, balloon tamponade, surgical removal of AVM, laparoscopic bipolar coagulation, uterine artery embolization (unilateral or bilateral) and hysterectomy [1][2][3][4].…”

“…Her haemoglobin was found to be with angiography is usually required prior to intervening. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is increasingly becoming one of the preferred treatment modalities in this setting, primarily due to its effectiveness as well as being minimally invasive in nature, with the resultant possibility of preserving uterine function to allow future childbearing [4] and the ready availability of experts to perform these procedures. Prompt resuscitation, appropriate and timely investigation, a high index of suspicion and timely treatment is essential for avoiding a catastrophic outcome in this situation.…”

“…In the past AVMs were difficult to diagnose, and were usually only confirmed retrospectively, in post hysterectomy specimens. However, the availability of doppler ultrasound scanning has made the diagnosis of AVM relatively more feasible [4], though confirmation…”

Successful transvenous embolization for type II uterine arteriovenous malformation: A case report

“…U-AVM often develops due to previous uterine trauma caused by dilatation and curettage (D&C), cesarean section, or pelvic surgery. D&C is the most frequent cause and is responsible for approximately 62% of cases [2 , 3] .…”

Term Pregnancy after Unilateral Uterine Artery Embolization for Aggressive Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation

“…Acquired AVMs occur in reproductive women following uterine Dilatation and Curettage (D&C), cesarean section, myomectomy, normal vaginal delivery, spontaneous abortions, and cesarean scar pregnancy. Less commonly arise from trophoblastic disease, endometrial or cervical malignancy, uterine infection or diethylstilbestrol exposure [3][4][5]. The accurate incidence of uterine AVMs remains unclear.…”