Acquisition of Chemoresistance and Other Malignancy-related Features of Colorectal Cancer Cells Are Incremented by Ribosome-inactivating Stress

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) as an environmental disease is largely influenced by accumulated epithelial stress from diverse environmental causes. We are exposed to ribosome-related insults, including ribosome-inactivating stress ( Colorectal cancer (CRC)3 is one of most commonly diagnosed cancers in developed countries, with a high morbidity and mortality rate because of metastasis via hepatic venous drainage from the original tumor mass (1, 2). This enables latestage tumors to endow a very high metastatic potential to other organs, which is one of the important reasons for early treatment with surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for CRC patients. Although chemotherapy is the most general and effective strategy of treatment for metastatic colon cancer, occasional chemoresistance to anticancer drugs is a serious bottleneck for a successful cure. Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin are the first-choice chemotherapy drugs for metastatic colon cancer. 5-FU is a pyrimidine analog that causes DNA damage, ultimately inducing apoptosis. It is a representative chemical that induces tumor suppressor p53 (3,4

Signature consist of nine differentially methylated gene pairs to predict the prognosis for stage II colorectal cancer patients

“…To further explore the underlying mechanism, we did the functional enrichment analysis of the candidate genes and genes which are highly correlated with these candidate genes. Our observed enrichment in the cell cycle is in line with previous studies, which suggested the cell cycle pathway is a determinant in the efficiency of CRC therapy [25,26]. The limitation of this study was the lack of the detailed information about the detail distance between tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues.…”

FAM213A is linked to prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia through regulation of oxidative stress and myelopoiesis

“…For successful chemotherapy in cancer patients, basal level of p53 is very important. 23 Our studies suggest that a high level of FAM213A can reduce oxidative stress through the NRF2/ARE pathway. As a result, reduced oxidative stress inhibits activation of p53, which is important for chemo-sensitivity in chemotherapy.…”

“…p53 is a recognized tumor suppressor gene in AML and other solid tumors, and is a representative DNA damage marker . Since uncontrolled oxidative stress can induce DNA damage, we checked the activation of p53 pathway in fam213a MO‐injected embryos.…”

Revisiting the thiosemicarbazonecopper(II) reaction with glutathione. Activity against colorectal carcinoma cell lines

“…Several studies have indicated that these mutations play distinct roles in development and therapy resistance of CRC [96]. Recently, the effects of the interaction of ribonucleotide reductases with thioredoxin [97] and the influence of the negatively regulated miRNA-mRNA pairs [98] and ribosome-inactivating stress [99] in CRC have been discussed. Taking into account that, as previously mentioned, both ribonucleotide reductases and RNA are targets of TSCs, and previous studies show the attack of CRC cells by TSCs [100,101], it could be interesting to apply these compounds to resistant CRC cells.…”