Acquistion and loss of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: Results from an 8-year birth cohort study

Kumagai, Toshiko; Hosogaya, S.; Misawa, Keiko; Furihata, Kenichi; Ota, Hiroyoshi; Sei, C.; Tanaka, Eiko; Akamatsu, Tomonori; Shimizu, Toshiki; Kiyosawa, Kendo; Katsuyama, Tsutomu; Malaty, H.M.; Graham, D.Y.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(98)80773-7

Cited by 53 publications

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“…17 In another study of ours, seroconversion rate was lower than seroreversion rate among subjects over 40 years of age, 18,19 which means accumulation of continuing infection affects little on the increase of seroprevalence with age. In a Japanese study showing increase of H. pylori seroprevalence with age, seroprevalence did not increase with age among those who were born before 1950.…”

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confidence: 67%

Serum Pepsinogen Values and Helicobacter pylori Status among Control Subjects of a Nested Case-Control Study in the JACC study

Kikuchi

Yagyu

Obata

et al. 2005

Journal of Epidemiology

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BACKGROUD: Helicobacter pylori infection and serum pepsinogen values are strongly related with stomach cancer. The aim of this study was to know what were these factors among general population. METHODS: Subjects were randomly selected 633 control subjects in a nested case-control study for risk of stomach cancer. Most of them were from rural areas of Japan. Using frozen sera, pepsinogen I (PG I) and II (PG II) values and H. pylori antibody were measured. Those with PG I less than 50 ng/mL and the ratio of PG I to PG II (PG I/II) was less than 2.0 were defined as severe, those with PG I less than 70 ng/ml and PG I/II less than 3.0 were defined as mild and the other subjects were defined as no serological atrophy. RESULTS: About 70% of the subjects were H. pylori seropositive and the seroprevalence did no depend on age or sex. Percentages of those with severe serological atrophy increased with age from 10% in those aged 40-49 years to 38% in 70 and more, and percentages of those with mild serological atrophy were about 30% independent of age. CONCLUSIONS: The subjects, who were expected to represent populations of rural area of Japan, had high prevalence of both H. pylori infection and serological atrophy of gastric mucosa. These facts should be considered in discussing results of the nested case-control study.

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confidence: 67%

Serum Pepsinogen Values and Helicobacter pylori Status among Control Subjects of a Nested Case-Control Study in the JACC study

Kikuchi

Yagyu

Obata

et al. 2005

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Spontaneous acquisition and elimination of H. pylori infection, especially in young infants may explain the seroconversion in 10 of 22 seropositive infants from 7-9 months to 18 months of age. 24,25 To definitively diagnose H. pylori infection in children 7-18 months old, more sophisticated studies, including gastric biopsy or urea breath testing, would be needed and this was beyond the scope of our study. However, the 25% prevalence rate for antibodies against H. pylori in the 18-month-old children represents true infection and parallels similar high rates of infection noted in children from other parts of the developing world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Egyptian newborns and their mothers: a preliminary report.

Bassily

Frenck²,

Mohareb³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human bacterial infections in the world and children in the developing countries acquire H. pylori infection early in life. We prospectively evaluated the prevalence of serum antibodies to H. pylori in a cohort of pregnant women and their offspring. Mothers' sera were collected during the third trimester of pregnancy and sera from their offspring were collected when they were 7-9 months and 18 months of age. Pylori-Stat, a commercially available ELISA kit, was used to detect antibodies to H. pylori in the serum of the subjects tested. Sera from 169 mothers were available for testing and 88% of these samples were positive for anti-H. pylori IgG. Of the 169 children tested, 13% of the infants 7-9 months of age and 25% of the children 18 months of age had serologic evidence of H. pylori infection. These data indicate that infection with H. pylori is common in Egypt and acquisition of infection occurs at a very young age.Identification of the gram-negative, spiral gastric bacteria Helicobacter pylori occurred only a little more than a decade ago. 1 Despite the initial skepticism regarding the pathogenic importance of this organism, it is now recognized that infection with H. pylori is associated with some of the most common clinical problems in medicine. Helicobacter pylori is a cause of chronic-active gastritis and a majority of cases of peptic ulcer disease. [2][3][4] It is also associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma, the fourth most common malignancy in the world. 5,6 Numerous studies have demonstrated that H. pylori infection is ubiquitous, with approximately 50% of the world's population infected. 7 However, the prevalence, timing of acquisition, and the symptoms and sequelae of infection differ in developed compared with developing countries.In the developed world, infection during childhood is uncommon. 9-11 Less than 5% of children less than five years of age in the United States are infected with H. pylori, and by adolescence only about 10% of the population is infected. 9 After adolescence, the prevalence of H. pylori infection increases 0.5-1% per year and peaks at approximately 50-60% by 60 years of age in the United States.In contrast, H. pylori infections in the developing world appear to occur earlier in life and with a higher frequency. 10,12,13 Approximately half of the children living in developing areas are infected by five years of age, and infection rates as high as 90% have been reported by early adulthood. 10,12 While data regarding the prevalence of H. pylori infection have been collected from many geographic regions, no information exists regarding infection rates in Egypt. The current study is the first known report describing the seroprevalence of H. pylori infection in Egypt among mothers and their children. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was designed to use banked sera and epidemiologic data collected in 1992 during a prospective study of the immunogenicity of hepatitis B recombinant vaccine among Egyptian newborn...

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“…On the other hand, the bacterial dose of H. pylori might not be sufficient and thus, might not survive well in the harsh environment of the stomach. Inability of H. pylori to survive in young children can be speculated from reports that seropositive younger children often show seroreversion to seronegative when they grow older (8,10,14,15,17). On the other hand, there is a report that finds no seroconversion in children (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such notion is supported by the observation that the infection rate is higher in younger children whose hygienic concept and state are poorer than older children (6). It is now suggested that the infection occurs mostly during the younger age and that there are cohort effects (15,(23)(24)(25). These surveys were carried out using seroconversion as the marker for infection (6,8,10,13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rate of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children and Clonality of Taiwan Strains

Chu

Kong

et al. 2003

Microbiology and Immunology

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The spiral shaped bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, is now regarded as the major cause of stomach diseases such as acute gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastric lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma (1,18). Many surveys have revealed that the number of the infected is low in the younger age and increases as a function of age, reaching a plateau at old age. The surveys also showed that the infection might be related to the state of hygiene: the poorer the hygiene, the higher the infection rate (6,9,11,20). Such notion is supported by the observation that the infection rate is higher in younger children whose hygienic concept and state are poorer than older children (6). It is now suggested that the infection occurs mostly during the younger age and that there are cohort effects (15,(23)(24)(25). These surveys were carried out using seroconversion as the marker for infection (6,8,10,13,14). Seroconversion only suggests that a child has encountered a sufficient dose of H. pylori to induce seroconversion, but does not necessarily have a current infection. Presumably, when the dose is below the threshold for the immune reaction, seroconversion might not be induced. Babies are presumably born without indigenous H. pylori. We therefore used three methods, culture for viable H. pylori, CLO test for the presence of urease, and PCR for the presence of dead or live H. pylori. We examined the H. pylori infection in babies and children to see how early a child might be infected and what the kinetics of infection would be as a function of age. Rate of Helicobacter pylori

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Acquistion and loss of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: Results from an 8-year birth cohort study

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Serum Pepsinogen Values and Helicobacter pylori Status among Control Subjects of a Nested Case-Control Study in the JACC study

Serum Pepsinogen Values and Helicobacter pylori Status among Control Subjects of a Nested Case-Control Study in the JACC study

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Egyptian newborns and their mothers: a preliminary report.

Rate of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children and Clonality of Taiwan Strains

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