Across the Alps in Prehistory

Grupe, Gisela; Grigat, Andrea; McGlynn, George

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41550-5

2017

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41550-5

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Across the Alps in Prehistory

Gisela Grupe¹,

Andrea Grigat²,

George McGlynn³

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Cited by 3 publications

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Over the river and into the hills: locals and non-locals at Inzersdorf, a late Bronze Age cemetery in the Traisen Valley (Austria)

Fritzl,

Waltenberger,

James

et al. 2024

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The Late Bronze Age is characterized by the increasing homogenization of material culture and the prevalence of urn burials. The cemetery of Inzersdorf, located in the Lower Traisen Valley, Austria, is used to investigate whether changes in burial practices during the Late Bronze Age were locally driven or influenced by external factors. This study interprets strontium isotope data from 215 calcined human bone samples in the context of a local baseline established from 163 modern plant samples (55 locations) within a 10 km radius of Inzersdorf. Complementary Correspondence Analysis and 14C dates were used to identify chronological changes. The high-density sampling carried out in the Traisen Valley for bioavailable strontium (BASr) enabled the differentiation of people who mainly sourced their food from the valley or the hills. A diachronic shift in land use was identified, with the main food resource obtained from the hills for the earlier and the valley providing most of the foods for the later phase of the cemetery, which is more distinct in men than in women. Five individuals with isotopic values that differed from the main population were identified, one of which has an 87Sr/86Sr of 0.7061 falling below the BASr baseline created with the modern plant data. While the latter may indicate metal-related travel, the other four individuals may be interpreted as inhabitants of single farmsteads. Additionally, an individual with a significant shift in isotopic values between the petrous bone and long bone was identified, indicating changing local food sources over the individual’s life.

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Over the river and into the hills: locals and non-locals at Inzersdorf, a late Bronze Age cemetery in the Traisen Valley (Austria)

Fritzl,

Waltenberger,

James

et al. 2024

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Significance and Limitations of Stable Oxygen Isotope Ratios in the Apatite Phosphate of Archaeological Vertebrate Finds for Provenance Analysis in an Alpine Reference Region

et al. 2018

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Pb was established in the bioapatite of 219 individual archaeofaunal remains (cattle, pig, red deer) excavated from sites located along a specific transect of the European Alps, namely the Inn-Eisack-Adige-Brenner Passage, that has been of eminent importance since European prehistory. This reference area is vertically stratified, and since δ 18 O in the skeleton is influenced by climate, water source, physiology and even culture, we tested the relative contribution and importance of δ 18 O as a component of the *bs_bs_banner multi-isotope fingerprint for provenance analysis in this alpine region by a novel mathematical approach. In particular, we adapted a supervised learning approach through expectationmaximization (EM) clustering for fingerprint extraction and evaluated the contribution of each isotopic ratio to the data structure. While an altitude effect was evident in δ 18 O, its overall structural importance in the complete isotopic fingerprint was rather low. Therefore, provenance analysis of bioarchaeological finds in this region is possible by measuring stable Sr and Pb ratios alone, which is of considerable importance when δ 18 O values are not available, e.g., in cremated finds, although some information is lost. Whether this is tolerable depends on the scientific question to be solved.

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The International Mountain Conference, Innsbruck, Austria, September 2019 (IMC2019): A Synthesis with Recommendations for Research

Price

Gurgiser

Juen

et al. 2022

Mountain Research and Development

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Across the Alps in Prehistory

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Over the river and into the hills: locals and non-locals at Inzersdorf, a late Bronze Age cemetery in the Traisen Valley (Austria)

Over the river and into the hills: locals and non-locals at Inzersdorf, a late Bronze Age cemetery in the Traisen Valley (Austria)

Significance and Limitations of Stable Oxygen Isotope Ratios in the Apatite Phosphate of Archaeological Vertebrate Finds for Provenance Analysis in an Alpine Reference Region

The International Mountain Conference, Innsbruck, Austria, September 2019 (IMC2019): A Synthesis with Recommendations for Research

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