Across time, across the body

Cooperrider, Kensy; Núñez, Rafael

doi:10.1075/gest.9.2.02coo

Cited by 100 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It is possible that these gestures were more difficult to process than intonational gestures because they are relatively more abstract. Although people often use their bodies to spatially represent temporal distinctions (Casasanto, 2008;Cooperrider, & Núñez, 2009), metaphoric gestures convey meaning about length only with respect to one another-that is, it is difficult to represent absolute size with a gesture because size is inherently relative. In contrast, metaphoric gestures used to represent pitch information can capture intonation in a more absolute sense.…”

Section: Intonational Contrastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaphoric Gestures Facilitate Perception of Intonation More than Length in Auditory Judgments of Non-Native Phonemic Contrasts

Kelly

Bailey

Hirata

2017

Collabra: Psychology

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It is well established that hand gestures affect comprehension and learning of semantic aspects of a foreign language (FL). However, much less is known about the role of hand gestures in lower-level language processes, such as perception of phonemes. To address this gap, we explored the role that metaphoric gestures play in perceiving FL speech sounds that varied on two dimensions: length and intonation. English speaking adults listened to Japanese length contrasts and sentence-final intonational distinctions in the context of congruent, incongruent and no gestures. For intonational contrasts, identification was more accurate for congruent gestures and less accurate for incongruent gestures relative to the baseline no gesture condition. However, for the length contrasts, there was no such clear and consistent pattern, and in fact, congruent gestures made speech processing more effortful. We conclude that metaphoric gestures help with some-but not all-novel speech sounds in a FL, suggesting that gesture and speech are phonemically integrated to differing extents depending on the nature of the gesture and/or speech sound.

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Section: Intonational Contrastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaphoric Gestures Facilitate Perception of Intonation More than Length in Auditory Judgments of Non-Native Phonemic Contrasts

Kelly

Bailey

Hirata

2017

Collabra: Psychology

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“…4. For a different and more recent taxonomy based on linguistic data, as well as on gestural and psychological experimental evidence, see Núñez and Sweetser (2006), , and Cooperrider and Núñez (2009). 5. Although they can, of course, be more complicated.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numbers and Arithmetic: Neither Hardwired Nor Out There

Núñez

2009

Biol Theory

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What is the nature of number systems and arithmetic that we use in science for quantification, analysis, and modeling? I argue that number concepts and arithmetic are neither hardwired in the brain, nor do they exist out there in the universe. Innate subitizing and early cognitive preconditions for numberwhich we share with many other species-cannot provide the foundations for the precision, richness, and range of number concepts and simple arithmetic, let alone that of more complex mathematical concepts. Numbers and arithmetic, and mathematics in general, have unique features-precision, objectivity, rigor, generalizability, stability, symbolizability, and applicability to the real world-that must be accounted for. They are sophisticated concepts that developed culturally only in recent human history. I suggest that numbers and arithmetic are realized through precise combinations of non-mathematical everyday cognitive mechanisms that make human imagination and abstraction possible. One such mechanism, conceptual metaphor, is a neurally instantiated inference-preserving cross-domain mapping that allows the conceptualization of abstract entities in terms of grounded bodily experience. I analyze how the inferential organization of the properties and "laws" of arithmetic emerge metaphorically from everyday meaningful actions. Numbers and arithmetic are thus-outside of natural selection-the product of the biologically constrained interaction of individuals with the appropriate cultural and historical phenotypic variation supported by language, writing systems, and education.

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“…Kita, 2009). The current paper addresses the latter kind of gestures, where we are specifically interested in so-called temporal gestures, that is, gestures that represent time conceptions, in which temporal reference is made along the body's sagittal (front-to-back), lateral (left-to-right), or vertical (top-to-down) axis (Casasanto & Jasmin, 2012;Cooperrider & Núñez, 2009). For example, when talking about specific time events such as last week or next week, English speakers may point to the back and front of the body, or in a sequence from left to right (Casasanto & Jasmin, 2012;Cooperrider & Núñez, 2009), even though there is no explicit rule that prescribes that they should use their gestures this way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual and lexical effects on gestures: the case of vertical spatial metaphors for time in Chinese

Mol

Hoetjes

et al. 2017

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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The linguistic metaphors of time appear to influence how people gesture about time. This study finds that Chinese English bilinguals produce more vertical gestures when talking about Chinese time references with vertical spatial metaphors than (1) when talking about time conceptions in the English translations, and (2) when talking about Chinese time references with no spatial metaphors. Additionally, Chinese English bilinguals prefer vertical gestures to lateral gestures when perceiving Chinese time references with vertical spatial metaphors and the corresponding English translations, whereas there is no such preference when perceiving time references without spatial metaphors. Furthermore, this vertical tendency is not due to the fact that vertical gestures are generally less ambiguous than lateral gestures for addressees. In conclusion, the vertical gesturing about time by Chinese English bilinguals is shaped by both the stable language-specific conceptualisations, and the online changes in linguistic choices. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Across time, across the body

Cited by 100 publications

References 14 publications

Metaphoric Gestures Facilitate Perception of Intonation More than Length in Auditory Judgments of Non-Native Phonemic Contrasts

Metaphoric Gestures Facilitate Perception of Intonation More than Length in Auditory Judgments of Non-Native Phonemic Contrasts

Numbers and Arithmetic: Neither Hardwired Nor Out There

Conceptual and lexical effects on gestures: the case of vertical spatial metaphors for time in Chinese

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