Across-wind loads and effects of super-tall buildings and structures

Abstract

Across-wind loads and effects have become increasingly important factors in the structural design of super-tall buildings and structures with increasing height. Across-wind loads and effects of tall buildings and structures are believed to be excited by inflow turbulence, wake, and inflow-structure interaction, which are very complicated. Although researchers have been focusing on the problem for over 30 years, the database of across-wind loads and effects and the computation methods of equivalent static wind loads have not yet been developed, most countries having no related rules in the load codes. Research results on the across-wind effects of tall buildings and structures mainly involve the determination of across-wind aerodynamic forces and across-wind aerodynamic damping, development of their databases, theoretical methods of equivalent static wind loads, and so on. In this paper we first review the current research on across-wind loads and effects of super-tall buildings and structures both at home and abroad. Then we present the results of our study. Finally, we illustrate a case study in which our research results are applied to a typical super-tall structure.super-tall building and structure, across-wind aerodynamic force, across-wind aerodynamic damping, across-wind effects, across-wind quivalent static wind loads, case study Citation:Gu M, Quan Y. Across-wind loads and effects of super-tall buildings and structures.

Evaluation of wind loads on super-tall buildings from field-measured wind-induced acceleration response

“…Substituting f = 0.032 Hz, B = 42.9 m and V ¼ 12:96 m=s into the above equation, the corresponding Strouhal number was 0.1059. As suggested by Holmes (2007), the Strouhal number for a squaresection cylinder in uniform turbulent flow is about 0.12, and on the other hand, some wind tunnel test results indicated that the Strouhal number for a square-section cylinder in boundary layer is about 0.1 (Gu et al, 2011), which is close to the identified value in this paper. It was noteworthy that some field measurement studies on Strouhal number for super-tall buildings in turbulent flow were usually based on the Fourier spectrum analysis of wind pressure recorded by pressure transducers (Fu et al, 2012).…”

“…In the field of wind tunnel tests, the high frequency force balance technique is widely adopted to measure the overturning forces and bending moments of a super-tall building by a rigid and very slight model attached with force balance measurements at its base (Irwin, 2009;Lam and Li, 2009;Cluni et al, 2011;Gu and Quan, 2011). It is easy to implement and obtain the accurate results in terms of base forces and overturning moments.…”

“…Two reasons exist for supposing the first mode shape linear rather than the real first mode shape adopted. Firstly, the real first mode of a super-tall building is usually close to linear shape; thus, the high frequency force balance technology could be widely adopted to evaluate wind effects on super-tall buildings (Tschanz and Davenport, 1983;Cluni et al, 2011;Gu et al, 2011). Secondly, it is only when the first mode shape is a linear shape, the overturning bending moment of a tall building can be expressed from the generalized wind load by a simple relationship as Equation (11c).…”

Dynamic prediction of building subsidence deformation with data-based mechanistic self-memory model

“…In order to ensure the service life and security of constructional works, it is necessary to monitor the constructional work systematically during its building and operating. Due to the diversity, complexity and non-deterministic characters of inducing factors of the building subsidence deformation, the mechanical behavior and deformation trend of building subsidence also reflect non-linear characteristics with the coexistence of the uncertainty and randomness [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Existing methods for building subsidence deformation prediction usually establish the time series analysis model by utilizing monitored data [35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Dynamic wind response of tall buildings using artificial neural network

“…The buildings with configurations other than those stated in the guidelines require wind tunnel tests to determine the wind response. Boundary layer wind tunnel tests have been performed by Lin et al, Gu and Quan, Yang et al, and Amin et al to approximate the responses of tall buildings in terms of pressure coefficient and pressure distribution on the structure due to wind load for different configurations.…”