Acrylamide sensitization of the heat response of the cytoskeleton and cytotoxicity in attaching and well‐spread synchronous chinese hamster ovary cells

Wachsberger, Phyllis; Coss, Ronald A.

doi:10.1002/cm.970130202

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1973;Larsen et ai. 1988), especially calcium which, in turn, may cause the collapse of actin and the intermediate filaments vimentin and cytokeratin (Van Bergen en Henegouwen, 1985;Coakley, 1987;Wachsberger and Coss, 1989;Cress et al, 1990;Walter et ai, 1990). Cytoskeletal elements are co-located with the cytoplasmic domain of cell adhesion molecules (Hirano ct al.. 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Stress Causes Host Cell Detachment in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Implications for Coral Bleaching

Gates

Baghdasarian

Muscatine

1992

The Biological Bulletin

457

337

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During the past decade, acute and chronic bleaching of tropical reef corals has occurred with increasing frequency and scale. Bleaching, i.e., the loss of pigment and the decrease in population density of symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae), is often correlated with an increase or decrease in sea surface temperature. Because little is known of the cellular events concomitant with thermal bleaching, we have investigated the mechanism of release of zooxanthellae by the tropical sea anemone Aiptasia pulchella and the reef coral Pocillopora damicornis in response to cold and heat stress. Both species released intact host endoderm cells containing zooxanthellae. The majority of the released host cells were viable, but they soon disintegrated in the seawater leaving behind isolated zooxanthellae. The detachment and release of intact host cells suggests that thermal stress causes host cell adhesion dysfunction in these cnidarians. Knowledge of the cellular entity released by the host during bleaching provides insight into both the underlying release mechanism and the way in which natural environmental stresses evoke a bleaching response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Stress Causes Host Cell Detachment in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Implications for Coral Bleaching

Gates

Baghdasarian

Muscatine

1992

The Biological Bulletin

457

337

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“…The cytoskeletal systems affected vary with treatment temperature and cell type. All three cytoskeletal systems in CHO cells, namely the actin microfilament system, the microtubular system and the vimentin intermediate filament system, undergo reorganization upon heat treatment 20,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hsp27anti-sense oligonucleotides sensitize the microtubular cytoskeleton of Chinese hamster ovary cells grown at low pH to 42°C-induced reorganization

Hargis

Storck

Wickstrom

et al. 2004

International Journal of Hyperthermia

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Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells maintained in vitro at pH 6.7 were used to model cells in the acidic environment of tumours. CHO cells grown at pH 6.7 develop thermotolerance during 42 degrees C heating at pH 6.7 and their cytoskeletal systems are resistant to 42 degrees C-induced perinuclear collapse. Hsp27 levels are elevated in cells grown at pH 6.7 and are further induced during 42 degrees C heating, while Hsp70 levels remain low or undetectable, suggesting that Hsp27 is responsible for some of the novel characteristics of these cells. An anti-sense oligonucleotide strategy was used to test the importance of Hsp27 by lowering heat-induced levels of the protein. The response of the microtubular cytoskeleton to heat was used as an endpoint to assess the effectiveness of the anti-sense strategy. Treatment with anti-sense oligonucleotides prevented the heat-induced increase of Hsp27 levels measured immediately following heat. Treatment with anti-sense oligonucleotides also sensitized the cytoskeleton of cells grown at low pH to heat-induced perinuclear collapse. However, cytoskeletal collapse was not evident in cells grown at pH 6.7 and treated with 4-nt mismatch oligonucleotides or in control cells maintained and heated at pH 6.7. The cytoskeleton collapsed around the nucleus in cells cultured and heated at pH 7.3. These results confirm that over-expression of Hsp27 confers heat protection to the microtubular cytoskeleton in CHO cells grown at low pH.

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Alterations in nuclear matrix ultrastructure of G1 mammalian cells following heat shock: Resinless section electron microscopy, biochemical, and immunofluorescence studies

Wachsberger

Coss

1993

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Heat shock is known to inhibit vital nuclear functions associated with DNA and RNA metabolism. It has been proposed that the reported heat-induced excess protein accumulation in the nuclear matrix (NM) fraction may alter NM sites crucial for DNA and RNA processing. To test this hypothesis, we examined the fine structure of the NM in synchronous populations of G1 Chinese hamster ovary cells before and after heating by using the technique of resinless section electron microscopy. Heat did induce morphological alterations in the NM. The NM of control cells contained a honeycomb-like arrangement of fibers after chromatin removal. Following heat shock, NMs appeared as more highly anastomosing networks of polymorphic fibers and an overall increase in electron density was observed. Residual nucleoli from heated NMs underwent alterations in distributions of electron density both internally and at their peripheries. The increase in electron density observed in heated NMs was accompanied by an increase in protein mass and a relatively smaller increase in RNA mass as indicated by parallel sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and isotopic labeling (protein/DNA and RNA) studies. Some excess protein accumulation could also be directly localized onto NM fibers by use of antibodies to heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein complex antigens. It is concluded that alterations of NM fine structure can reflect the heat-stressed state of the cell, may account for the heat-induced inhibition of nucleic acid metabolism, and may be useful as an indicator of physiological or pathological stress in general.

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Acrylamide sensitization of the heat response of the cytoskeleton and cytotoxicity in attaching and well‐spread synchronous chinese hamster ovary cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Temperature Stress Causes Host Cell Detachment in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Implications for Coral Bleaching

Temperature Stress Causes Host Cell Detachment in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Implications for Coral Bleaching

Hsp27anti-sense oligonucleotides sensitize the microtubular cytoskeleton of Chinese hamster ovary cells grown at low pH to 42°C-induced reorganization

Alterations in nuclear matrix ultrastructure of G1 mammalian cells following heat shock: Resinless section electron microscopy, biochemical, and immunofluorescence studies

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