“…Earlier research studies included mostly drama clubs, sports, debate clubs, music, sports, and similar activities (e.g., McCarthy, 2000;Bryan et al, 2012;Dumais, 2009). These studies demonstrated multiple positive effects of ECAs on grades overall and on grades in specific subjects, such as mathematics, science and English (Mahoney, 2000;McLure & McLure, 2000;Fredricks & Eccles, 2008;Dumais, 2009;Knifsend & Graham, 2012). There were also reports of some positive behavioral and psychological impacts of ECAs on school children, such as improved attendance and lowered absenteeism, decreased school drop-out, increased motivation, better concentration, facilitated personality development and personal exploration, as well as decreased stress (Dworkin, Larson & Hansen, 2003;Holloway, 2002;Fredricks & Eccles, 2006;Fujita, 2006;McCarthy, 2000;Reeves, 2008).…”