Acth and Sulfatase Activity

Dominguez, Oscar V.; Loza, César; Morán, L.Z.; Valencia, Antonio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-019709-8.50023-x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Oestrone sulphate was less efficiently converted into oestradiol-I7ß by the left gonad, possibly indi¬ cating a less active l7ß-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity in this gland. On the other hand we found no major differences in total hydrolysis of oestrone sulphate and DHAS, although it has been suggested that gonadal steroid sulphatase activity may be controlled by gonadotrophins (Domínguez et al 1974). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Incomplete androgen insensitivity: asymmetry in morphology and steroid profile and metabolism of the gonads. An analysis of a case

Fredricsson

Carlström

Kjessler

et al. 1985

Acta Endocrinologica

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A patient with clinical manifestations of the incomplete androgen insensitivity syndrome was studied with respect to peripheral blood levels of steroids and steroid sulphates before, during and after gonadectomy. Steroid and steroid sulphate concentrations were also analyzed in spermatic venous blood and gonadal tissue collected during surgery. The metabolic capacity of gonadal tissue was also studied in vitro using progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and oestrone sulphate as substrates.Profound differences between the two gonads were noted with respect to both steroid content and release into pampiniform veins and to in vitro conversion of progesterone and oestrone sulphate. Histological examination revealed the presence of seminiferous tubules with carcinoma in situ in both gonads. It is suggested that the differences between the gonads may be due to an autonomous steroid production in the right gonad in spite of adequate or even elevated gonadotrophic stimulation resulting in a steroidogenic situation resembling the complete androgen insenstitivity syndrome, while the conditions found in the left gonad more resembles the incomplete form of the disease.The syndrome of testicular feminization is con¬ sidered to be due to androgen receptor deficiency. Therefore, gonadotrophic stimulation and steroidogenesis would be expected to be enhanced. How¬ ever, sometimes selected enzymatic steps involved in testosterone production may be deficient (Bell 1975). A case is here presented with fundamental differences between the two gonads with respect to both morphology, steroid content and steroid metabolism. Case Description and MethodsA 35-year old Arabian woman sought advice because of primary amenorrhoea and infertility. She had experi¬ enced pubertal development at the age of 13 to 14 years and had always been healthy. On examination ordinary female sex characteristics were apparent, breasts were well developed and pubic hair growth was present. No uterus could be found and the vagina ended blindly. In the right groin a plum-sized tumour was found, later identified as the gonad. The left gonad was not accessible to examination. Chromosome analysis of short-term cul¬ tured lymphocytes revealed the karyotype 46,XY (Q-and G-banding). The clinical diagnosis of incomplete testicu¬ lar feminization was based on these findings together with the histologie picture of the gonads, in accordance with the definition given by Rosenfield et al. (1971).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Incomplete androgen insensitivity: asymmetry in morphology and steroid profile and metabolism of the gonads. An analysis of a case

Fredricsson

Carlström

Kjessler

et al. 1985

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…CS concentrations may change, depending on the physiological state of the tissue. Dominguez et al reported that in vivo ACTH treatment activated 3β,δ5-steroid sulfatase activity in rat adrenals [23]. CS synthesis in ovary may also change with menstrual cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Cholesterol Sulfate on Progesterone Production in Human Granulosa-like Tumor Cell Line, KGN

et al. 2008

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Abstract. Cholesterol sulfate (CS) is a component of cell membranes that plays a role in stabilizing the cell membrane. We previously reported that CS increased in the endometrium during implantation, suggesting that CS plays an important role in reproduction. It has been reported that CS regulates progesterone and pregnenolone production in the placenta, adrenal glands and ovary. The regulatory mechanisms of steroid hormone production by CS, however, are still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CS on the expression of progesterone production-related genes in KGN cells, derived from human granulosa-like tumor. KGN cells were cultured with CS (10 µM) or cholesterol (10 µM) in the presence of 8-bromo-cAMP (1 mM). Progesterone levels in the culture media were measured by enzyme linked fluorescent assay at 24 h after treatment of CS and cAMP. Total RNAs were extracted for quantitative real time RT-PCR with specific primer of StAR protein, P450scc, HSD3B2, ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase. Whole cell lysates were extracted for western blot analysis with antibody for StAR protein. Progesterone concentration in the culture medium increased to 38-fold by treatment of cAMP. CS significantly reduced progesterone concentration by 30% compared with those of cAMP treatment (p<0.05), while cholesterol did not change the progesterone concentration. CS treatment downregulated the expression of StAR mRNA and P450scc mRNA was to 54% and 60%, respectively (p<0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that the amount of StAR protein was also reduced by CS treatment. The expression of HSD3B2 mRNA was up-regulated to 3.4-fold by treatment of cAMP. The expression of ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase mRNA was not affected by CS treatment. These data implied that CS has an inhibitory effect on progesterone production by regulating the expression of StAR and P450scc gene expression.

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“…For the comparative study, schizophrenia data collected from Galician patients [33] were used. These data contained 48 SNPs at the DRD3 and HTR2A genes, which are associated to schizophrenia.…”

Section: Schizophrenia Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Association studies involving these functional candidate genes have systematically focused on a limited set of SNPs, generally based on previously reported small contributions of these markers of risk of susceptibility to schizophrenia. More specifically, SNP TI 02C (rs6313) at HTR2A and SNP Ser9Gly (rs6280) at DRD3 have been extensively analyzed in several schizophrenia case-control studies [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Computational Techniques on Schizophrenia Using Genetic Mutations

Aguiar‐Pulido¹,

Gestal²,

Fernández-Lozano³

et al. 2013

CTMC

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Schizophrenia is a complex disease, with both genetic and environmental influence. Machine learning techniques can be used to associate different genetic variations at different genes with a (schizophrenic or non-schizophrenic) phenotype. Several machine learning techniques were applied to schizophrenia data to obtain the results presented in this study. Considering these data, Quantitative Genotype - Disease Relationships (QDGRs) can be used for disease prediction. One of the best machine learning-based models obtained after this exhaustive comparative study was implemented online; this model is an artificial neural network (ANN). Thus, the tool offers the possibility to introduce Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequences in order to classify a patient with schizophrenia. Besides this comparative study, a method for variable selection, based on ANNs and evolutionary computation (EC), is also presented. This method uses half the number of variables as the original ANN and the variables obtained are among those found in other publications. In the future, QDGR models based on nucleic acid information could be expanded to other diseases.

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Acth and Sulfatase Activity

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Incomplete androgen insensitivity: asymmetry in morphology and steroid profile and metabolism of the gonads. An analysis of a case

Incomplete androgen insensitivity: asymmetry in morphology and steroid profile and metabolism of the gonads. An analysis of a case

Inhibitory Effects of Cholesterol Sulfate on Progesterone Production in Human Granulosa-like Tumor Cell Line, KGN

Applied Computational Techniques on Schizophrenia Using Genetic Mutations

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