ACTH, but not corticosterone impairs habituation and reduces exploration

File, Sandra E.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(78)90159-4

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, the level of exploration was negatively related to the pituitary reactivity to the test, in agreement with the behavioural effects of ACTH found in rodents (e.g. File, 1978;File & Clarke, 1981). The effect of long-term subjection to intermittent stress on exploration was, however, evident only in exploration of the open field, whereas neither latency to contact nor exploration of the object was affected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The effect of long-term subjection to intermittent stress on exploration was, however, evident only in exploration of the open field, whereas neither latency to contact nor exploration of the object was affected. The latter may have been due to repetition of the test, which may have decreased the stimulus value of the object, or a different kind of exploration may have a distinct causal relationship (File, 1978). In addition to decreased exploration, several reports on rodents have showed decreased locomotion after long-term stress (Gamallo et al, 1986;Soblosky & Thurmond, 1986;Rodriguez et al, 1988), interperted as an increase in fear-related behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Intermittent Stress in Pigs: Behavioural and Pituitary-Adrenocortical Reactivity

Jensen

Pedersen

Hageisø

et al. 1995

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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Ninetysix pigs, half females and half castrated males from 12 litters, were housed in 24 groups of 4 litter mates (2 females, 2 castrates). The pigs were weaned at 4 weeks of age and from the age of 115 days half of the groups were subjected to a schedule of unpredictable inescapable electroshocks for 33 days, and half served as control. The adrenocortical rcactivity to ACTH stimulation and to an emotional stressor (the procedure associated with initiation of blood collection) was measured in females, whereas the behavioural and pituitaryadrenocortical reactivity to an open field test was measured in castrates, as was the behavioural reactivity in ii social test. Intermittent stress increased adrenocortical reactivity to ACTH stimulation significantly. This effect WHS present within the first week of intermittent stress (11 < 0.06), but no difference was found after 4-5 weeks of stress. In contrast, the adrenocortical reactivity to additional emotional stressors was unaffected by stress after one week of intermitteni stress, but increased after 4-5 weeks. In the open field test, centre location increased after one week of intermittent stress, whereas exploriition decreased and walking and ambulation increased after 4-5 weeks of stress. In addition, 4-5 weeks of intermittent stress decreased aggressiveness in a social test. In conclusion, the change in reactivity to an additional acute stressor during intermittent stress appeared in different variables and contexts at different times during the course of intermittent stress. Thus, assessment of stress based on changed reactivity has to include several distinct meiisures of be h iivi 0 u ra I and 110 rm o n 11 I reii c t i vi t y.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intermittent Stress in Pigs: Behavioural and Pituitary-Adrenocortical Reactivity

Jensen

Pedersen

Hageisø

et al. 1995

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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“…It is released in seconds following a stimulus [16] and prepares the organism to act in response to environmental change. In animal studies, ACTH inhibits habituation [10] indicating that attention can be sustained in spite of repetition. In humans, ACTH helps maintain performance over time [11] and increases visual attention [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin Increases the Influence of Public Service Advertisements

et al. 2013

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This paper presents a neurophysiologic model of effective public service advertisements (PSAs) and reports two experiments that test the model. In Experiment 1, we show that after watching 16 PSAs participants who received oxytocin, compared to those given a placebo, donated to 57% more causes, donated 56% more money, and reported 17% greater concern for those in the ads. In Experiment 2, we measured adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and oxytocin levels in blood before and after participants watched a PSA. As predicted by the model, donations occurred when participants had increases in both ACTH and oxytocin. Our results indicate that PSAs with social content that cause OT release will be more effective than those that do not. Our results also explain why some individuals do not respond to PSAs.

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“…Handling can also affect neurodevelopmental parameters (Mohammed et al, 1993;D'Amore et al, 1995), exploratory activity (File, 1978), and learning ability (Denenberg and Morton, 1962;Escorihuela et al, 1994). and attenuates cognitive deficits associated with aging (Meaney et al, 1988;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of Postnatal Manipulation on Central β-Adrenoceptor Transmission

Baamonde

Lumbreras

Martı́nez-Cué

et al. 1999

Stress

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Neonatal handling is known to induce long-lasting changes in behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Since the central noradrenergic system participates in the adaptive responses to stressful conditions we have analyzed the effects of postnatal handling on beta-adrenoceptor binding sites and isoprenaline- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rats at 1 and 3 months of age. Handled animals showed reduced emotional reactivity and lower ACTH and corticosterone secretion after stress. Binding studies using [(3) H]CGP12-177 revealed increased beta-adrenoceptor binding sites in handled rats in cerebellum and cerebral cortex with no changes in hippocampus, and decreased affinity in all cerebral regions. Handling reduced basal levels of cyclic AMP in hippocampus and cerebellum but not in cerebral cortex. The concentration-response curves of cyclic AMP to isoprenaline were displaced to the right in cerebellum of handled rats without differences in Emax; however, Emax was significantly reduced in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Direct stimulation of the catalytic subunit of adenylyl cyclase by forskolin reduced the efficiency in hippocampus and cerebellum, but not in cerebral cortex of handled animals. It is concluded that neonatal handling reduces the binding properties of beta-adrenoceptor and its primary biochemical responses in the young rat brain, which may account for the reduced responsiveness to stress attained in the handled rats, and may explain the persistence of the effect. The present study emphasizes the role of the central noradrenergic system in modulating the behavioral and neurendocrine responses to neonatal handling.

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ACTH, but not corticosterone impairs habituation and reduces exploration

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Intermittent Stress in Pigs: Behavioural and Pituitary-Adrenocortical Reactivity

Intermittent Stress in Pigs: Behavioural and Pituitary-Adrenocortical Reactivity

Oxytocin Increases the Influence of Public Service Advertisements

Short-Term Effects of Postnatal Manipulation on Central β-Adrenoceptor Transmission

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