Actinide Extractants: Development, Comparison, and Future

Shoun, R. R.; McDowell, William J

doi:10.1021/bk-1980-0117.ch006

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Excellent reviews of the solvent extraction chemistry of trivalent americium have been published by Weaver (1974) and Shoun and McDowell (1980). Myasoedov et al (1974a) discussed solvent extraction systems useful for the analysis of americium.…”

Section: Solvent Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Americium

Runde

Schulz

The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements

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Section: Solvent Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Americium

Runde

Schulz

The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements

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“…Therefore, to reduce the radiotoxicity of ultimate wastes, research for new generations of nuclear plants focus first on the multirecycling of plutonium and then on the recycling of minor actinides (Am in particular) with the aim, on one hand, to fabricate new Pu and U-based mixed oxides nuclear fuel pellets (MOX), and, on the other hand, to synthesize minor actinides-based transmutation targets. In the current industrial PUREX process, uranium(VI) and plutonium(IV) are recovered from a nitric solution containing the fission products and minor actinides by liquid–liquid phase extraction thanks to the use of tributylphosphate (TBP) in dodecane. , The extracting molecules have to meet various specifications such as (i) good extraction of U and Pu from a highly concentrated nitric solution to the organic diluent, (ii) stability in aliphatic diluents, that is, resistance to radiolytic and hydrolytic degradation, (iii) ease of synthesis, and (iv) low environmental impact. The use of tributylphosphate as an extracting agent may induce the presence of residual phosphate groups in the wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current industrial PUREX process, uranium(VI) and plutonium(IV) are recovered from a nitric solution containing the fission products and minor actinides by liquid−liquid phase extraction thanks to the use of tributylphosphate (TBP) in dodecane. 2,3 The extracting molecules have to meet various specifications such as (i) good extraction of U and Pu from a highly concentrated nitric solution to the organic diluent, (ii) stability in aliphatic diluents, that is, resistance to radiolytic and hydrolytic degradation, (iii) ease of synthesis, and (iv) low environmental impact. The use of tributylphosphate as an extracting agent may induce the presence of residual phosphate groups in the wastes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Growth in the Thorium-TEDGA-Oxalate-Nitrate System: Description and Comparison of the Main Structural Features

et al. 2019

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This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of four new compounds based on thorium and tetraethyldiglycolamide (TEDGA), [Th(TEDGA)2(C2O4)][NO3]2[H2C2O4].6H2O (1), [Th(TEDGA)2(C2O4)2][H2C2O4]2.2H2O (2), [Th(TEDGA)4][NO3]4.4H2O (3), and [Th2(C2O4)3(TEDGA)4][NO3][HC2O4][H2C2O4]4.7H2O (4). All of them are obtained by successive crystallization from a unique medium containing thorium nitrate and TEDGA, in the presence of oxalic acid. Compound (1) (a = b = 18.7140(12) Å, c = 12.9212(9) Å, S.G. P42212) crystallized at first from a gel obtained by slow evaporation of the medium. When compound (1) is left in gel for a period of some weeks, it tends to disappear and to be replaced by crystals of (2) (a = 12.246(2) Å, b = 32.253(5) Å, c = 12.256(2) Å, β = 106.741(12)°, S.G. P21/n) and (3) (a = 26.5966(13) Å, b = 15.4489(7) Å, c = 18.5582(9) Å, β = 116.528(1)°, S.G. C2/c). In their turn, solids (2) and (3) disappear from the gel left for some months, and compound (1) crystallizes in mixture with compound (4) (a = 15.6611(7) Å, b = 17.9082(9) Å, c = 18.1814(7) Å, α = 89.896(2)°, β = 65.549(2)°, γ = 87.623(2), S.G. P-1). Solving the crystal structure by single crystal diffraction reveals that TEDGA is always coordinated to thorium through its three oxygen atoms. In the mixed-ligands compounds (1), (2), and (4), Th4+ is surrounded by two oxalate ligands and two TEDGA, leading to a 10-fold coordination. The dimensionality of the networks changes from linear chains (1D) (1) to isolated entities (0D) (2) or dimeric units (0D) (4). Compound (3) is formed by the assembly of 12-fold coordinated monomeric entities (0D) in which the thorium cation is surrounded by four TEDGA. This compound is the first example of such a coordination number without nitrate anion included in the coordination sphere of Th.

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