Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans in the Pathogenesis of Human Periodontal Disease

Zambon, Joseph J.; Umemoto, Toshihiko; Nardin, Ernesto De; Nakazawa, Fumio; Christersson, L.; Genco, Robert J.

doi:10.1177/08959374880020021101

Cited by 126 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A characteristic feature of LAP is significant localized bone loss (30,31). We therefore asked whether bone loss was evident in the rats colonized by A. actinomycetemcomitans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tight-adherence genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are required for virulence in a rat model

Schreiner

Sinatra

Kaplan

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

165

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Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that has been associated with localized aggressive periodontitis and infections of the heart, brain, and urinary tract. Wild-type clinical isolates have the remarkable ability to adhere tenaciously and nonspecifically to solid surfaces such as glass, plastic, and hydroxyapatite. Adherence by A. actinomycetemcomitans is mediated by the tight-adherence (tad) gene locus, which consists of 14 genes (flp-1-flp-2-tadV-rcpCAB-tadZABCDEFG). All but 2 of the genes have been shown to be required for the secretion and assembly of long, bundled Flp1 fibrils. To test whether the tad locus is required for colonization and disease, we developed a rat model for periodontal disease. To mimic the natural route of infection, Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated orally by adding bacteria directly to their food for 8 days. After inoculation with wild-type or mutant strains defective in adherence (flp-1 and tadA), the rats were assessed for colonization of the oral cavity and pathogenesis. Wild-type A. actinomycetemcomitans was able to colonize and persist for at least 12 weeks in the oral cavity, elicit a humoral immune response, and cause significant bone loss in rats. In contrast, rats fed flp-1 or tadA mutant strains showed no bone loss and their immune responses were indistinguishable from those of the uninoculated controls. These results demonstrate the critical importance of the tad locus in the colonization and pathogenesis of A. actinomycetemcomitans. nonspecific adherence ͉ tad genes ͉ pathogenesis ͉ localized juvenile periodontitis

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“…A characteristic feature of LAP is significant localized bone loss (30,31). We therefore asked whether bone loss was evident in the rats colonized by A. actinomycetemcomitans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LAP is characterized by bone loss, typically localized to permanent molars and incisors in children and adolescents (30). It is interesting that bone loss was localized to specific molar sites in the rat, because this is a pattern seen in human disease (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tight-adherence genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are required for virulence in a rat model

Schreiner

Sinatra

Kaplan

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

165

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“…Es un cocobacilo, de 0.4-0.5x1.0-1.5 um, no movil, 8 no esporulado, capsulado 11 , con fimbrias 12 , anaerobio facultativo que desarrolla mejor en condiciones de anaerobiosis. 13 Su pared celular presenta las llamadas endotoxinas o lipopolisacaridos típico de una bacteria gram negativa.…”

Section: Morfología Y Estructuraunclassified

“…Su agresividad se debe a muchos factores de virulencia ya mencionados, que actuando en un huésped con algún grado de susceptibilidad, activa su mecanismo de proliferación y destrucción, causando un gran daño al periodonto, 12 pero no todos las cepas tienen la misma importancia sino las que presentan ciertas características, como una mayor activación de su leucotoxina 16 , que tiene dos funciones bien marcadas, daño de células de defensa y reabsorción ósea. El daño producido por esta bacteria es rápida, más aun si se acompaña de abundante biofilm alrededor del diente, llegando a deteriorar el periodonto con formación de bolsa periodontal, pérdi-da de inserción, amplia movilidad del diente y con el tiempo pérdida de este, típico caso de una PAL 22 (Reduced Transport Fluid), o BHIB (Brain Heart Infusion Broth).…”

Section: Fisiopatologíaunclassified

“…Avila-campos 11 y Zambon 12 en sus investigaciones, mencionan la presencia de cápsula en A. actinomycetemcomitans pero no definen bien su importancia, salvo su característica de permitir la adherencia a células. Henderson 9 reporta que esta cápsula esta constituida de polisacáridos y su posible rol seria la evasión del sistema inmune, así como un serotipo específico capsular participaría en la estimulación osteoclástica.…”

Section: A Actinomycetemcomitans Pertenece Al Grupo Hacek (H Aphropunclassified

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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: Patógeno importante en la periodontitis

Perfecto

Nakata

Cadillo

et al. 2014

Odontol. sanmarquina

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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans es un patógeno muy estudiado en los cuadros clínicos de periodontitis, siendo ya identificada a principio del siglo XX; con los años ha sufrido cambios en su denominación y se han descubierto múltiples factores de virulencia que lo hacen un patógeno importante en la enfermedad periodontal, específicamente en la periodontitis agresiva localizada. Esta revisión tratará de explicar su morfología, factores de virulencia, cultivo y demás características de importancia.

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Actinobacillus

Olsen¹,

Möller²

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ac.ti.no.ba.cil' lus . Gr. n. actis a ray; L. dim. masc. n. bacillus a small staff or rod; M.L. masc. n. Actinobacillus ray bacillus or rod. Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Actinobacillus Cells, measuring 0.4 ± 0.1 × 1.0 ± 0.4 µm, are spherical, oval, or rod‐shaped (Phillips, 1984). Most often bacillary but sometimes interspersed with coccal elements that may lie at the pole of a larger form, producing the characteristic “ Morse‐code ” form . Cell forms up to 6 µm in length may appear when grown on media containing glucose or maltose. Cells are single or arranged in pairs or, more rarely, in chains. Endospores are not formed. Gram negative, but staining is irregular. Not acid fast. India ink may demonstrate small amounts of extracellular slime in wet preparations. Nonmotile . Organisms are aerobic, microaerobic, facultatively anaerobic, or chemoorganotrophic, having both respiratory and fermentative types of metabolism. After growth for 24 h on blood agar, translucent colonies, usually 1–2 mm in diameter appear. Surface colonies have low viability and may die in 2–7 days. Growth may be very sticky upon primary cultivation, making it difficult to remove colonies completely from the agar surface. Optimum growth temperature is 37°C. Temperature range for growth is 25–42°C. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 35.5–46.9. Type species : Actinobacillus lignieresii Brumpt 1910, 849.

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Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans in the Pathogenesis of Human Periodontal Disease

Cited by 126 publications

References 30 publications

Tight-adherence genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are required for virulence in a rat model

Tight-adherence genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are required for virulence in a rat model

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: Patógeno importante en la periodontitis

Actinobacillus

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