Actinomycetes as agents of biodegradation in the environment — a review

McCarthy, Alan J.; Williams, Stanley T.

doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90558-7

Cited by 278 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…According to McCarthy and Williams (1992), organic matter, salinity, relative moisture, temperature, pH and vegetation are important factors which control abundance of actinomycetes in soil. A comparison of the mean values of the chemical and physical soil properties as well asthe actinomycetes population showed significant differences in pH value, organic carbon (OC), soil salinity expressed as electrical conductivity (EC) and actinomycetes number in the different soil ecosystems studied.…”

Section: Soil Characteristics and Actinomycetes Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

Ghorbani-Nasrabadi

Greiner

Khonakdar

et al. 2013

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Actinomycetes are widely distributed in different habitats and involved in important processes. Therefore, evaluation of their distribution is important in understanding their ecological role. Ninety seven samples were taken from different soil ecosystems (forest, pasture, rain-fed and irrigated cultivated land) located in various climatic zones in the province of Golestan, Northeast Iran. The number of actinomycetes as well as pH value, organic carbon (OC) and soil salinity expressed as electrical conductivity (EC) showed significant differences in the soil ecosystems under investigation. The number of actinomycetes decreased from 2.86 * 10 6 cfu g -1 in irrigated cultivated land to 7* 10 5 cfu g -1 in pasture (p<0.01). In pastures, the number of actinomycetes was negatively correlated with EC (r=-0.60, n=15, p<0.001) and pH (r=-0.59, n=15, p<0.001). In other soil ecosystems under investigation no significant correlations between soil pH, OC and EC and the number of actinomycetes could be found. In forest soils, the number of actinomycetes was significantly dependent (p<0.05) on climate. A significantly higher population was observed under semi-arid conditions compared to all other climatic zones (humid, sub-humid, Mediterranean). Because many soil microorganisms are able to transform different forms of insoluble organic and inorganic phosphorus into a soluble form suitable for plant uptake, the capacity of the isolated actinomycetes to secrete phosphatase activity was determined under laboratory conditions. A huge variation in the capacities to produce acid and alkaline phosphatases among the different isolates was observed. These enzyme activities and the capacities to hydrolyze phytate in the fermentation broth were significantly dependent on medium composition. In general, substitution of arginine and glycerol in the modified glycerol arginine medium (MGA) with other nitrogen and carbon sources resulted in a significant reduction of phytate dephosphorylation.

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Section: Soil Characteristics and Actinomycetes Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

Ghorbani-Nasrabadi

Greiner

Khonakdar

et al. 2013

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…The number of bacteria was higher in the samples c1 and c3, and actinomycetes recorded higher values in the sample c2 and c4 (Fig. 1) to McCarthy and Williams (1992), the population of actinomycetes is influenced by humidity, temperature, pH, plants, and organic matter. The extracted DNA was of acceptable quality in order to be used in PCR analysis, however consequent purification was necessary since it was considered that some of detected inhibitors can negatively affect the results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Plants Root Interference Area, A Benefit To The Microbial Community

Borozan¹,

Popescu²,

Boldura³

2017

BUASVMCN-HORT

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Part of byproducts synthesized by plants through photosynthesis reach the ground, where are creating selective microenvironments for micro-flora and associations of plant -microorganisms, being beneficial for plant growth. In this paper, the effect of the root interference area of vines and herbaceous plants and of radicular exudates from vine rhizosphere on microbial community was studied by estimating the present microbial population. Also, by molecular studies, the diversity of microbiological community was assessed.The microbiological study of biological samples was performed by classical and molecular methods. The biological material was represented by microbial communities from rhizosphere and phyllosphere areas of two varieties of vines White Romanian Tămâioasă and Black Romanian Tămâioasă cultivated in a soil that has never been chemically treated. Overall, bacteria had a significant presence in soil samples taken from the interference area of vines and herbaceous plants roots. Actinomycetes quantitatively dominated the root interference area of herbaceous plant with variety White Romanian Tămâioasă. The range of actinomycetes species and leaves microflora was found to be reduced. In this study we have shown that significant growth of microorganisms occurs in the interference area of vine with other herbal plants as a result of the cumulative effect of radicular exudates and that the surrounding microbial community differs among varieties, areas of interference and also is strongly influenced by the levels of tillage and fertilization of soil.

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“…Actinomycetes are omnipresent in nature, but prefer soil components (Lechevalier et al, 1981). They therefore play an important role in soil biodegradation and humus formation (McCarthy and Williams, 1992;Stach and Bull, 2005). These are the bacteria responsible for the "wet earth odour" that emanates from wet soil due to volatile substances like geosmin (Wilkins, 1996) and are potent producers of extracellular enzymes (Sehrempf, 2001).…”

Section: Actinomycetes and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial agents against Helicoverpa armigera: Where are we and where do we need to go?

Vijayabharathi¹,

Kumari²,

Gopalakrishnan³

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Plants are prone to various biotic stresses in nature by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, harmful insects and weeds. The biggest percentage loss (70%) in plants is attributed to insects. Lepidoptera is one such diversified phytophagous insect group, which include Helicoverpa armigera, a key pest of many food crops including chickpea, pigeonpea, pea, lentil, chillies, sunflower, tomato, tobacco and cotton. Controlling this insect has been a big task for farmers leading to the manufacture of a plethora of pesticides. However, over reliance on chemical pesticides has resulted in problems including safety risks, environmental contamination, outbreaks of secondary pests, insecticide resistance and decrease in biodiversity. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of eco-friendly methods such as entomopathogens, antagonist or competitor populations of a third organism and botanicals to suppress H. armigera. Also, many compounds from microorganisms have been found to be effective in crop production, and these have a role in controlling H. armigera. The actinomycetes play an astounding role in controlling the key plant pathogens. They are the representative genera of higher microbial mass in the soil. Numerous studies have shown that these productive actino-bacteria can generate an impressive array of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, antitumor agents, insecticides etc. This review emphasizes the mechanism behind resistance to insecticides along with actinomycetes and its potential as a biocontrol agent against H. armigera.

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Actinomycetes as agents of biodegradation in the environment — a review

Cited by 278 publications

References 13 publications

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

Plants Root Interference Area, A Benefit To The Microbial Community

Microbial agents against Helicoverpa armigera: Where are we and where do we need to go?

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