“…Although Birge (1952) discussed the occurrence of Actinomyces bovis in lacrimal concretions, the confusion of nomenclature and the paucity of information characterizing isolates in ophthalmological literature do not permit one to know with certainty the etiologic agents involved. Awerbach (1903), Griuter (1933), Ruys (1935), Hagedoorn (1940), Moore (1952), and Smith (1953) have satisfactorily identified Actinomyces species in concretions from the lacrimal canaliculus of the eye. In some cases these reports, all from European workers, do not contain as complete a description of the strains as would be desired in light of our present knowledge of the genus.…”