Action of Extracellular Proteases of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus Micromycetes on Plasma Hemostasis Proteins

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the properties of proteolytic enzymes of two species of Aspergillus, Aspergillus flavus 1 (with a high degree of pathogenicity) and Aspergillus ochraceus L-1 (a conditional pathogen), and their effects on various components of the hemostasis system (in vitro) in the case of their penetration into the bloodstream. We showed that micromycete proteases were highly active in cleaving both globular (albuminolysis) and fibrillar (fibrin) proteins, and, to varying degrees, they could coagulate the plasma of humans and animals (due to proteolysis of factors of the blood coagulation cascade) but were not able to coagulate fibrinogen. The proteases of both Aspergillus fully hydrolyzed thrombi in 120–180 min. Micromycetes did not show hemolytic activity but were able to break down hemoglobin.

A Novel Approach for Assessing the Proteolytic Potential of Filamentous Fungi on the Example of Aspergillus spp.

“…Extracellular metabolites play an important role in the vital activity of micromycetes, participating in attachment to the surface and nutrition. Proteolytic activity has already been defined by our investigation group for some of the selected Aspergillus strains [1,2,6,12], but this study provides more systematic and complete information about proteolytic potential of tested Aspergillus isolates. All selected strains except A. phoenicis showed some proteolytic activity.…”

Keratinolytic Properties of Aspergillus clavatus Promising for Biodegradation

“…The caseinolytic activity of extracellular proteases was determined by the modified Anson–Hagihara method [ 35 ]. The reaction was carried out with 200 μL 1% Hammerstein casein solution in 0.1 M Tris HCl buffer (pH 8.2) and 100 μL sample.…”

Down regulation of two pectinases encoding genes in Aspergillus flavus treated with clove and tea tree oils

“…Aflatoxins are active at very low levels; its content in agricultural commodities is highly regulated with respect to the maximum allowable levels permitted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ranging from 0.5 to 300 ppb, depending on both product and use (Fouad et al, 2019). The ability to degrade plant tissues is important for many plants pathogenic and saprophytic organisms (Osmolovskiy et al, 2021). To survive, saprophytic microorganisms produce a battery of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (Hahn, et al, 1989).…”

“…To survive, saprophytic microorganisms produce a battery of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (Hahn, et al, 1989). A. flavus possesses the capacity to produce numerous extracellular hydrolases which assist in the degradation of complex substrates subsequently, access a large variety of nutrient substrates and penetrate host tissues (Osmolovskiy et al, 2021;St. Leger et al, 1997).…”