Action of food restriction in delaying the aging process.

Masoro, Edward J.; Yu, Bo; Bertrand, Helen A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.79.13.4239

Cited by 204 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Indeed, weight reduction typically slightly exceeds the degree of food restriction, so that food intake per gram of body weight is reported consistently to be slightly higher in LDF animals than in their AL-fed counterparts (11). Rats and mice usually lose weight when maintained on an IF regimen, although some strains such as C57BL͞6 mice may lose little or no weight (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake

Anson

Guo

Cabo

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

630

537

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Dietary restriction has been shown to have several health benefits including increased insulin sensitivity, stress resistance, reduced morbidity, and increased life span. The mechanism remains unknown, but the need for a long-term reduction in caloric intake to achieve these benefits has been assumed. We report that when C57BL͞6 mice are maintained on an intermittent fasting (alternateday fasting) dietary-restriction regimen their overall food intake is not decreased and their body weight is maintained. Nevertheless, intermittent fasting resulted in beneficial effects that met or exceeded those of caloric restriction including reduced serum glucose and insulin levels and increased resistance of neurons in the brain to excitotoxic stress. Intermittent fasting therefore has beneficial effects on glucose regulation and neuronal resistance to injury in these mice that are independent of caloric intake.caloric restriction ͉ hippocampus ͉ insulin ͉ ␤-hydroxybutyrate ͉ ketosis

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake

Anson

Guo

Cabo

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

630

537

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“…oxidative phosphorylation; free radicals; antioxidant enzymes; mitochondrial transcription factor A CALORIC RESTRICTION (CR) without malnutrition is the only known experimental intervention that has been shown to extend life span and to delay the onset of age-related diseases in mammals (34,49). Although the benefits of CR are well established, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in liver mitochondrial oxidative capacity is conserved under caloric restriction conditions

Valle¹,

Guevara²,

García-Palmer³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Valle A, Guevara R, García-Palmer FJ, Roca P, Oliver J. Sexual dimorphism in liver mitochondrial oxidative capacity is conserved under caloric restriction conditions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 293: C1302-C1308, 2007. First published July 25, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00203.2007.-Caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition has been shown to increase maximal life span and delay the rate of aging in a wide range of species. It has been proposed that reduction in energy expenditure and oxidative damage may explain the life-extending effect of CR. Sex-related differences also have been shown to influence longevity and energy expenditure in many mammalian species. The aim of the present study was to determine the sex-related differences in rat liver mitochondrial machinery, bioenergetics, and oxidative balance in response to short-term CR. Mitochondria were isolated from 6-mo-old male and female Wistar rats fed ad libitum or subjected to 40% CR for 3 mo. Mitochondrial O 2 consumption, activities of the oxidative phosphorylation system (complexes I, III, IV, and V), antioxidative activities [MnSOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], mitochondrial DNA and protein content, mitochondrial H 2O2 production, and markers of oxidative damage, as well as cytochrome C oxidase and mitochondrial transcription factor A levels, were measured. Female rats showed a higher oxidative capacity and GPx activity than males. This sexual dimorphism was not modified by CR. Restricted rats showed slightly increased oxygen consumption, complex III activity, and GPx antioxidant activity together with lower levels of oxidative damage. In conclusion, the sexual dimorphism in liver mitochondrial oxidative capacity was unaffected by CR, with females showing higher mitochondrial functionality and ROS protection than males.

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“…Bodyweight decreases to compensate for the decreased caloric intake. When equilibrium is reached, the CR fed animal will actually consume slightly more food per gram bodyweight or lean mass, not less (Masoro et al 1982). The finding that bodyweight adjusts to match caloric intake is so robust that many investigators interpret differences in food consumption per gram bodyweight between groups as an indication of mistakes made in restricting food allotment or in the measurement of AL intake.…”

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confidence: 99%

The diet restriction paradigm: a brief review of the effects of every-other-day feeding

Anson

Jones

Cabod

2005

AGE

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It has been known since the early 1900s that restriction of dietary intake relative to the ad libitum (AL) level increases stress resistance, cancer resistance, and longevity in many species. Studies investigating these phenomena have used three paradigms for dietary restriction. In the first, the AL intake of a control group is measured, and an experimental group is fed less than that amount in a specified proportion, e.g., 40%. In the second, food is provided AL to both the control and experimental groups: however, the experimental group is subjected to periods of fasting. Recent studies using this paradigm provide food every other day (EOD). Both of these paradigms have been in use since the early 1900s. A third paradigm that combines them was developed in the early 1970s: one or more days of fasting separate the provision of a limited amount of food. It was assumed for many years that the physiological responses to these paradigms were due exclusively to a net decrease in energy intake. Recently, however, it was found that some species and strains of laboratory animals, when fed AL every other day, are capable of gorging so that their net weekly intake is not greatly decreased. Despite having only a small deficit in energy intake relative to control levels, however, these animals experience enhanced longevity and stress resistance in comparison to AL controls as much as in animals enduring daily restriction of diet. These observations warrant renewed interest in this paradigm and suggest that comparisons of the paradigms and their effects can be used to determine which factors are critical to the beneficial effects of caloric restriction.Many species age more quickly with an ad libitum food intake than with one that is restricted, and the mechanism underlying this effect remains unidentified

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Action of food restriction in delaying the aging process.

Cited by 204 publications

References 7 publications

Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake

Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake

Sexual dimorphism in liver mitochondrial oxidative capacity is conserved under caloric restriction conditions

The diet restriction paradigm: a brief review of the effects of every-other-day feeding

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