Action of Proline on Stomata Differs from That of Abscisic Acid, G-Substances, or Methyl Jasmonate

Raghavendra, Agepati S.; Reddy, K. N.

doi:10.1104/pp.83.4.732

Cited by 67 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…5B). This result is in disagreement with previous findings showing complete or almost complete stomatal closure in epidermal peels of Commelina benghalensis and Nicotiana glauca treated with either MeJA or ABA (Raghavendra and Reddy, 1987;Suhita et al, 2003). Our data are also in conflict with the report demonstrating that 10 mM of either MeJA or ABA equally and effectively reduce the stomata aperture in Ler (Suhita et al, 2004).…”

Section: External Application Of 12-opda Promotes Stomatal Closurecontrasting

confidence: 57%

Functional Convergence of Oxylipin and Abscisic Acid Pathways Controls Stomatal Closure in Response to Drought

et al. 2014

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Membranes are primary sites of perception of environmental stimuli. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are major structural constituents of membranes that also function as modulators of a multitude of signal transduction pathways evoked by environmental stimuli. Different stresses induce production of a distinct blend of oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids, "oxylipins." We employed three Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ecotypes to examine the oxylipin signature in response to specific stresses and determined that wounding and drought differentially alter oxylipin profiles, particularly the allene oxide synthase branch of the oxylipin pathway, responsible for production of jasmonic acid (JA) and its precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA). Specifically, wounding induced both 12-OPDA and JA levels, whereas drought induced only the precursor 12-OPDA. Levels of the classical stress phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) were also mainly enhanced by drought and little by wounding. To explore the role of 12-OPDA in plant drought responses, we generated a range of transgenic lines and exploited the existing mutant plants that differ in their levels of stress-inducible 12-OPDA but display similar ABA levels. The plants producing higher 12-OPDA levels exhibited enhanced drought tolerance and reduced stomatal aperture. Furthermore, exogenously applied ABA and 12-OPDA, individually or combined, promote stomatal closure of ABA and allene oxide synthase biosynthetic mutants, albeit most effectively when combined. Using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Brassica napus verified the potency of this combination in inducing stomatal closure in plants other than Arabidopsis. These data have identified drought as a stress signal that uncouples the conversion of 12-OPDA to JA and have revealed 12-OPDA as a drought-responsive regulator of stomatal closure functioning most effectively together with ABA.

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Section: External Application Of 12-opda Promotes Stomatal Closurecontrasting

confidence: 57%

Functional Convergence of Oxylipin and Abscisic Acid Pathways Controls Stomatal Closure in Response to Drought

et al. 2014

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“…Measurements of K+ content in Commelina guard cells with ionsensitive electrodes have also shown discrepancies between K+ concentrations and measured osmotic potentials, leading to the suggestion that sucrose could be an additional source of osmoticum (18). Increases in sugars have also been correlated with opening in experiments with epidermal peels (29,31). Both import of sugars from the mesophyll (3,25,26) and starch interconversion (40) have been invoked as sources for the osmotically active sugars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Quality and Osmoregulation in Vicia Guard Cells

Tallman¹,

Zeiger²

1988

Plant Physiol.

111

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Osmoregulation in opening stomata of epidermal peels from Vicia faba L. leaves was investigated under a variety of experimental conditions. The K+ content of stomatal guard cells and the starch content of guard cell chloroplasts were examined with cobaltinitrite and iodine-potassium iodide stains, respectively; stomatal apertures were measured microscopically. Red light (50 micromoles per square meter per second) irradiation caused a net increase of 3.1 micrometers in aperture and a decrease of -0.4 megapascals in guard cell osmotic potential over a 5 hour incubation, but histochemical observations showed no increase in guard cell K+ content or starch degradation in guard cell chloroplasts. At Recent characterization of a blue light-dependent proton pump at the guard cell plasmalemma has linked light perception with the activation of ion transport mechanisms providing guard cells with the capacity for a quantitative transduction of prevailing light fluences into adequate ionic uptake for osmoregulation (2, 37). In addition to the blue light photosystem, guard cells also possess Chl in their chloroplasts, which acts as a separate photoreceptor to induce stomatal opening (9,12,33). Blue lightinduced stomatal opening is the result of combined responses of the two photoreceptor systems. Blue light-dependent opening has been correlated with proton pumping (2, 37), K' uptake (12), starch degradation (22), and malate biosynthesis (23). In Vicia faba, blue light-dependent opening in epidermal peels saturates at 25 umol m-2 s-', is inhibited by KCN but not by DCMU at intensities 0Iusmol m-2 s-', and is partially sensitive to DCMU at intensities 225 umol m-2 s-' (33). Red light-induced stomatal opening relies on sensory transduction mediated by Chl. In Vicia, red light-dependent stomatal opening in peels saturates at 50 ,umol m-2 s-, is insensitive to KCN, and is completely inhibited by DCMU (33). Red light-induced stomatal opening has been correlated with oxygen evolution and photophosphorylation (36,38) and with synthesis of intermediates of the PCRP3 (11).The interconversion of photosynthetically produced sugars and starch was a fundamental hypothesis of stomatal movements that dominated plant physiology p6rior to its abandonment in favor of the K+ hypothesis (16,21

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“…Glycinebetaine may reduce stomatal opening and decrease the transpiration rate, thus leading to the decrease in Na + accumulation in shoots (Raghavendra and Reddy, 1987). Rahman et al (2002) observed that root tips and root cap cells of rice plants treated with GB alone produced numerous vacuoles, which did not develop in the control plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycinebetaine improves salt tolerance in vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia Griesbach) seedlings

Meloni

Martínez

2009

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Glycinebetaine (GB) is a very important organic osmolyte that accumulates in a number of diverse groups of plants in response to environmental stress. In some plants, increased resistance to drought, salinity and low temperature has been achieved through exogenous application of GB. In this study, the effect of exogenously applied GB (8 mM) on the ability of vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia G.) plants to withstand NaCl stress was investigated. The dry biomass of vinal showed a decrease under salt stress, but in GBtreated plants exposed to the same stress, this reduction was mitigated. Sodium accumulated in the leaves of plants grown under saline conditions, but the addition of GB to salt-grown plants reduced Na + content by 40%. Salinity significantly reduced the K + concentration in leaves to 65% that of non-salinized controls. In the presence of GB, leaf K + was comparatively higher, reaching as much as 90% of the control concentration. The sodium: potassium ratio in leaves was significantly higher in salt-stressed plants, but this ratio was lowered significantly by the addition of GB. When compared to control plants, NaCl stress increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations by 95%, but GB application reduced the MDA concentration in these same NaCl-treated plants. In comparison to control plants, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 52% in salt-stressed plants. The addition of GB to salttreated plants stimulated SOD activity twice that of the non-salizined control. These results suggest that, in addition to protecting membranes, GB-enhanced salinity tolerance in vinal may involve an antioxidant mechanism involving enhanced SOD activity and improving the ion homeostasis under conditions of high salinity.Key words: lipid peroxidation, salt stress, superoxide dismutase. resUMo glycinabetaine incrementa a tolerância a estresse salino em plântulas de vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia griesbach): Glycinabetaína (GB) é um dos osmólitos orgânicos mais importantes que se acumulam em diversas plantas em resposta a estresses ambientais. Em algumas espécies, o aumento a resistência à seca, salinidade ou baixa temperatura foram conseguidos pela aplicação exógena da GB. Neste estudo foi investigado o efeito de GB aplicado exogenamente (8 mM) na habilidade do vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia Griesbach) para suportar o estresse salino induzido por NaCl. A biomassa seca das plantas diminuiu por efeito do tratamento salino, mas aumentou em plantas tratadas com GB. O Sódio (Na + ) acumulou-se nas folhas das plantas crescidas sob estresse salino, mas a adição do GB às plantas tratadas com NaCl provocou uma diminuição de 40% no conteúdo de Na + . Em comparação às plantas controle, nas plantas tratadas com NaCl observou-se uma redução de 65% no conteúdo de potássio (K + ). Na presença do GB, a concentração de K + nas plantas sob estresse salino foi maior que nas plantas não tratadas com GB. A relação sódio: potássio aumentou significativamente Braz. J. Plant Physiol., 21(3): 233-241, 2009 234 DIEGO A. MELONI and CARLOS A....

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Action of Proline on Stomata Differs from That of Abscisic Acid, G-Substances, or Methyl Jasmonate

Abstract: MATERIALS AND METHODS

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

Functional Convergence of Oxylipin and Abscisic Acid Pathways Controls Stomatal Closure in Response to Drought

Functional Convergence of Oxylipin and Abscisic Acid Pathways Controls Stomatal Closure in Response to Drought

Light Quality and Osmoregulation in Vicia Guard Cells

Glycinebetaine improves salt tolerance in vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia Griesbach) seedlings

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