Action of Succinylcholine on Extraocuur Muscles and Intraocular Pressure

Dillon, John; Sabawala, Phiroze B.; Taylor, David S.; Gunteb, Ralph

doi:10.1097/00000542-195701000-00004

Cited by 61 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…5). Only certain mammalian muscles, like the extraocular muscles, respond, like amphibian and avian muscles, to depolarizing agents with a sustained contraction Lembeck 1952, 1956;Lincoff et al 1955;Dillon et al 1957). Bonhaus et al (1995) described a contraction of the isolated frog rectus abdominis muscle by epibatidine.…”

Section: Muscle End Plate Nicotinic Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epibatidine: high potency and broad spectrum activity on neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Lembeck

1999

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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The activity of epibatidine at neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors was investigated in several in situ and in vitro systems and compared with the activity of nicotine and suxamethonium. Activation of ganglionic nicotinic receptors by epibatidine was shown in the guinea-pig ileum (contraction mediated by the cholinergic neurons of the ileum) and in pithed and atropinized rats (rise in blood pressure). Epibatidine also activated nicotinic receptors at the peripheral terminals of afferent C-fibres (rabbit ear) and in the brain (antidiuresis in rats). The agonistic effects of epibatidine were followed by long-lasting receptor desensitization. No antinociceptive effect of epibatidine was seen in rats at a dose free of motor impairment. On muscle end plate nicotinic receptors of the rat diaphragm (not responding to depolarizing agents by contraction), epibatidine was equipotent with suxamethonium in causing neuromuscular inhibition. On an extraocular muscle of the rabbit (responding to depolarizing agents by contraction) epibatidine in vitro and in situ caused a contraction at a 100-fold lower dose than suxamethonium. The Straub tail reaction in mice to epibatidine could be attributed to the sustained stimulation of motor end plate receptors of the "slow contracting" type of muscle fibres by epibatidine. In conclusion epibatidine was the most potent agonist on all neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic receptors examined.

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Section: Muscle End Plate Nicotinic Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epibatidine: high potency and broad spectrum activity on neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Lembeck

1999

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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“…Although, its use is confronted with various side-effects like hyperkalemia, raised intracranial and intraocular pressures, and cardiac arrhythmias, it is still considered one of the best paralyzing agents in the rapid sequence intubation scenarios found in trauma patients. [4950]Rocuronium: It is also considered a good paralyzing agent in trauma patients, where succinylcholine is relatively contraindicated. In a dose of 0.6 – 1 mg / kg intravenously, it produces ideal intubating conditions within 55 – 70 seconds, but the action lasts for about 30 – 60 minutes.…”

Section: Neuromuscular Blockadementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neuromuscular Blockadementioning

confidence: 99%

Renal endocrine manifestations during polytrauma: A cause of concern for the anesthesiologist

Bajwa

Kulshrestha

2012

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Nowadays, an increasing number of patients get admitted with polytrauma, mainly due to road traffic accidents. These polytrauma victims may exhibit associated renal injuries, in addition to bone injuries and injuries to other visceral organs. Nevertheless, even in cases of polytrauma, renal tissue is hyperfunctional as part of the normal protective responses of the body to external insults. Both polytrauma and renal injuries exhibit widespread renal, endocrine, and metabolic responses. The situation is very challenging for the attending anesthesiologist, as he is expected to contribute immensely, not only in the resuscitation of such patients, but if required, to allow the operative procedures in case of life-threatening injuries. During administration of anesthesia, care has to be taken, not only to maintain hemodynamic stability, but equal attention has to be paid to various renal protection strategies. At the same time, various renoendocrine manifestations have to be taken into account, so that a judicious use of anesthesia drugs can be made, to minimize the renal insults.

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“…Suxamethonium administration results in a profound systemic paralysis of rapid onset, associated with an initial widespread depolarisation manifest as muscle fascic~lations.~ Suxamethonium is also known to have a paretic and relaxant effect on the two muscle fibre types found in the extra-ocular muscles. 6 The effects of small doses of suxamethonium given prior to induction of anaesthesia to determine an individual's sensitivity have not previously been investigated. The nature and effects of a test dose of suxamethonium were therefore investigated in volunteers and under clinical circumstances.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pre‐induction test dose for suxamethonium

Carnie¹

1986

Anaesthesia

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Summary A two-part experimental and clinical study was conducted to determine the effects of administration of a pre-induction dose of suxamethonium, and to see whether the symptoms produced could form the basis Key wordsNeuromuscular relaxants; suxamethonium.Prolonged paralysis is a well recognised problem associated with the use of suxamethonium. This is attributable to markedly reduced hydrolysis by plasma cholinesterase. The initial neuromuscular effects of suxamethonium do not differ in individuals with abnormal cholinesterase and the duration of its action is dose related.* Laboratory estimation of plasma cholinesterase and genotyping is not performed as a routine, is not available in many hospitals and would be impractical in many emergency situations. Non-depolarising muscle relaxants do not present the same genetically determined p r~b l e m ,~ but test doses have been suggested to determine individual ~ensitivity.~ The special sensitivity of the extra-ocular muscles was the basis of this test. Suxamethonium administration results in a profound systemic paralysis of rapid onset, associated with an initial widespread depolarisation manifest as muscle fascic~lations.~ Suxamethonium is also known to have a paretic and relaxant effect on the two muscle fibre types found in the extra-ocular muscles.6The effects of small doses of suxamethonium given prior to induction of anaesthesia to determine an individual's sensitivity have not previously been investigated. The nature and effects of a test dose of suxamethonium were therefore investigated in volunteers and under clinical circumstances.

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Action of Succinylcholine on Extraocuur Muscles and Intraocular Pressure

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Epibatidine: high potency and broad spectrum activity on neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Epibatidine: high potency and broad spectrum activity on neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Renal endocrine manifestations during polytrauma: A cause of concern for the anesthesiologist

A pre‐induction test dose for suxamethonium

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