Action Potential Bursts in Central Snail Neurons Elicited by Procaine: Roles of Ionic Currents

Lin, Chia-Hsien; Lin, Pei-Lin; Ming-Cheng, Tsai; Hsu, Hui-Yu; Yang, Horng Ren; Chuang, Chieh-Min; Yi-Hung, Chen

doi:10.4077/cjp.2010.amk072

Cited by 2 publications

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“…However, gastropod nervous systems such as those of Aplysia (e.g., Chalazonitis and Takeuchi, 1966; Chalazonitis et al, 1966; Ascher et al, 1976; Just and Hoyer, 1977; Marty, 1978; Cote and Wilson, 1980; Arimura and Ikemoto, 1986; Ikemoto, 1986; Ikemoto et al, 1988; Komatsu et al, 1996; Winegar et al, 1996; Winegar and Yost, 1998), Helix (e.g., Chalazonitis et al, 1966; Chalazonitis, 1967; Judge and Norman, 1982; Akaike et al, 1982) and Lymnaea provide us with excellent models for studies on anesthesia given their large identifiable nerve cells and well-studied behavioral repertoires (e.g., Kandel, 1976; Benjamin, 2012; Winlow and Polese, 2014). Since the middle 1980s a substantial body of work has accrued on the pond-snail Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) (e.g., Cruickshank et al, 1985b,c; Franks and Lieb, 1988; Girdlestone et al, 1989a,b; Winlow et al, 1992, 1998; McKenzie et al, 1995; Spencer et al, 1995, 1996; Lopes et al, 1998; Hamakawa et al, 1999; Onizuka et al, 2005b; Browning and Lukowiak, 2008; Onizuka et al, 2008a,b, 2012a,b; Yar and Winlow, 2016; Qazzaz and Winlow, 2017; Armstrong et al, 2018) and on related molluscs ( Euhadra - Onozuka et al, 1993; Bulla – Khalsa et al, 1995; Achatina fullica – Lin and Tsai, 2005; Lin et al, 2010; Tritonia diomedea – Wyeth et al, 2009; Elysia viridis – Cruz et al, 2012). Cephalopod molluscs are of course more complex animals than gastropods and have not easily lent themselves to the sorts of study outlined above.…”

Section: Actions Of Clinical Anesthetics On Gastropod Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Achatina fulica (Ferussac), procaine initiated paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) in the RP1 neuron, which were decreased if lithium replaced Na + in the bathing medium or in a high magnesium solution (Lin and Tsai, 2005), suggesting similar effects to those observed with lidocaine by Onizuka et al (2012a) (see above). In addition, PDS was associated with phospholipase activity and calcium mobilization in the neuron (Lin et al, 2010). …”

Section: Actions Of Clinical Anesthetics On Gastropod Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sense and Insensibility – An Appraisal of the Effects of Clinical Anesthetics on Gastropod and Cephalopod Molluscs as a Step to Improved Welfare of Cephalopods

et al. 2018

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Recent progress in animal welfare legislation stresses the need to treat cephalopod molluscs, such as Octopus vulgaris, humanely, to have regard for their wellbeing and to reduce their pain and suffering resulting from experimental procedures. Thus, appropriate measures for their sedation and analgesia are being introduced. Clinical anesthetics are renowned for their ability to produce unconsciousness in vertebrate species, but their exact mechanisms of action still elude investigators. In vertebrates it can prove difficult to specify the differences of response of particular neuron types given the multiplicity of neurons in the CNS. However, gastropod molluscs such as Aplysia, Lymnaea, or Helix, with their large uniquely identifiable nerve cells, make studies on the cellular, subcellular, network and behavioral actions of anesthetics much more feasible, particularly as identified cells may also be studied in culture, isolated from the rest of the nervous system. To date, the sorts of study outlined above have never been performed on cephalopods in the same way as on gastropods. However, criteria previously applied to gastropods and vertebrates have proved successful in developing a method for humanely anesthetizing Octopus with clinical doses of isoflurane, i.e., changes in respiratory rate, color pattern and withdrawal responses. However, in the long term, further refinements will be needed, including recordings from the CNS of intact animals in the presence of a variety of different anesthetic agents and their adjuvants. Clues as to their likely responsiveness to other appropriate anesthetic agents and muscle relaxants can be gained from background studies on gastropods such as Lymnaea, given their evolutionary history.

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Section: Actions Of Clinical Anesthetics On Gastropod Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Actions Of Clinical Anesthetics On Gastropod Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense and Insensibility – An Appraisal of the Effects of Clinical Anesthetics on Gastropod and Cephalopod Molluscs as a Step to Improved Welfare of Cephalopods

et al. 2018

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Activation of Snail and EMT-Like Signaling via the IKKαβ/NF-κB Pathway in Apicidin-Resistant HA22T Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Tu¹

2013

Chin. J. Physiol.

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The molecular and phenotypic associations between chemo- or radio-resistance and the acquisition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype are tightly related in cancer cells. Wnt/β- catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways play crucial roles in EMT induction. Apicidin-resistant (Apicidin- R) HA22T cells are known to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and MMP-2 expression via the IGF-IR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to enhance metastatic effects of cancer cells. In this study, we further investigated if Apicidin-R HA22T cells actually underwent EMT. In Apicidin-R HA22T cells, E-cadherin protein level was reduced but Vimentin, Snail and Twist were significantly activated. Activation of p-IKKαβ and p-IκBα was also observed in Apicidin-R HA22T cells. Apicidin-R HA22T cells displayed even higher NF-κB nuclear accumulation. Snail was enhanced but GSK3-β was reduced. However, unphosphorylated GSK3-β protein level was totally reversed when the Snail-specific siRNA was applied in a knockdown experiment. Taken together, Apicidin-R HA22T cells could potentiate aggressive metastasis behavior due to up-regulation of Snail expression and promoted EMT effects via the IKKαβ/NF-κB pathway. In addition, Snail might decrease the GSK3-β level resulting in extraordinarily activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

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Action Potential Bursts in Central Snail Neurons Elicited by Procaine: Roles of Ionic Currents

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Sense and Insensibility – An Appraisal of the Effects of Clinical Anesthetics on Gastropod and Cephalopod Molluscs as a Step to Improved Welfare of Cephalopods

Sense and Insensibility – An Appraisal of the Effects of Clinical Anesthetics on Gastropod and Cephalopod Molluscs as a Step to Improved Welfare of Cephalopods

Activation of Snail and EMT-Like Signaling via the IKKαβ/NF-κB Pathway in Apicidin-Resistant HA22T Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

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