Action properties of object images facilitate visual search.

Gómez, Michael A.; Snow, Jacqueline C.

doi:10.1037/xhp0000390

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Finally, there may also be more fundamental concerns about how we interpret virtual objects as targets for action. For example, Snow and colleagues have illustrated important differences in brain and behavioural responses when viewing real objects, which afford the ability to act, and pictures of those same objects, which do not (Gomez and Snow 2017; Holler et al 2019). Object images do not appear to activate action responses in dorsal stream motor networks in the same way as graspable real objects (Squires et al 2016).…”

Section: Other Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtually the same? How impaired sensory information in virtual reality may disrupt vision for action

2019

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Virtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for expanding the possibilities of psychological experimentation and implementing immersive training applications. Despite a recent surge in interest, there remains an inadequate understanding of how VR impacts basic cognitive processes. Due to the artificial presentation of egocentric distance cues in virtual environments, a number of cues to depth in the optic array are impaired or placed in conflict with each other. Moreover, realistic haptic information is all but absent from current VR systems. The resulting conflicts could impact not only the execution of motor skills in VR but also raise deeper concerns about basic visual processing, and the extent to which virtual objects elicit neural and behavioural responses representative of real objects. In this brief review, we outline how the novel perceptual environment of VR may affect vision for action, by shifting users away from a dorsal mode of control. Fewer binocular cues to depth, conflicting depth information and limited haptic feedback may all impair the specialised, efficient, online control of action characteristic of the dorsal stream. A shift from dorsal to ventral control of action may create a fundamental disparity between virtual and real-world skills that has important consequences for how we understand perception and action in the virtual world.

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Section: Other Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtually the same? How impaired sensory information in virtual reality may disrupt vision for action

2019

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“…Left handers typically use both hands to manipulate objects, whereas right-handers tend to rely on the dominant, right hand alone (Gonzalez & Goodale, 2009). Constraints from action, such as hand preference, can influence attentional selection of objects, even when there is no explicit plan to grasp the stimulus (Gomez & Snow, 2017; Humphreys et al, 2010). Accordingly, Gallivan, McLean, and Culham (2011) compared fMRI responses to graspable objects in left- and right-handed observers, and found that for right-handed observers, SPOC responded most strongly for objects that were within reach of the right hand.…”

Section: Hallmarks Of Object-related Representations In Dorsal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a unified perspective of object shape and motion processing in human dorsal cortex

Erlikhman

Caplovitz

Gurariy

et al. 2018

Consciousness and Cognition

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Although object-related areas were discovered in human parietal cortex a decade ago, surprisingly little is known about the nature and purpose of these representations, and how they differ from those in the ventral processing stream. In this article, we review evidence for the unique contribution of object areas of dorsal cortex to three-dimensional (3-D) shape representation, the localization of objects in space, and in guiding reaching and grasping actions. We also highlight the role of dorsal cortex in form-motion interaction and spatiotemporal integration, possible functional relationships between 3-D shape and motion processing, and how these processes operate together in the service of supporting goal-directed actions with objects. Fundamental differences between the nature of object representations in the dorsal versus ventral processing streams are considered, with an emphasis on how and why dorsal cortex supports veridical (rather than invariant) representations of objects to guide goal-directed hand actions in dynamic visual environments.

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“…The interactions one could perform with an object influence visual attention even when observers are not actively planning to interact with the object. Gomez and Snow (2017) found that object affordances guide overt attention during a visual search task; furthermore, the influence of affordances on attention is stronger for physically present objects that are within reach as opposed to 2-or 3-D object representations displayed on a screen (Gomez et al, 2018). As observers learned the function or features of novel objects (e.g., as they learned new pulling affordances of a soap container on the ceiling), successfully learning the affordances of novel objects facilitated subsequent search behavior (Castelhano & Witherspoon, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Look at what I can do: Object affordances guide visual attention while speakers describe potential actions

Rehrig¹,

Barker²,

Peacock³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As we act on the world around us, our eyes seek out objects we plan to interact with. A growing body of evidence suggests that overt visual attention selects objects in the environment that could be interacted with, even when the task precludes physical interaction. Our previous work showed objects that afford grasping interactions influenced attention when static scenes depicted reachable spaces, and attention was otherwise better explained by general meaning (Rehrig, Peacock, et al., 2021). Because grasping is but one of many object interactions, our previous work may have downplayed the influence of object affordances on attention. The current study investigated the relationship between overt visual attention and object affordances versus broadly construed semantic information in scenes as speakers describe possible actions. In addition to meaning and grasp maps—which capture informativeness and grasping object affordances in scenes, respectively—we introduce interact maps, which capture affordances more broadly. In a mixed-effects analysis of 3 eyetracking experiments, interact map values predicted fixated regions in all experiments, whereas there was no main effect of meaning, and grasp maps marginally predicted fixated locations for scenes that depicted reachable spaces only. Our findings suggest speakers consistently allocate attention to scene regions that could be readily interacted with when describing the possible actions in a scene, while the other variants of semantic information tested (graspability and general meaning) have a compensatory or additive influence on attention. The current study clarifies the importance of object affordances in guiding visual attention in scenes.

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Action properties of object images facilitate visual search.

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Virtually the same? How impaired sensory information in virtual reality may disrupt vision for action

Virtually the same? How impaired sensory information in virtual reality may disrupt vision for action

Towards a unified perspective of object shape and motion processing in human dorsal cortex

Look at what I can do: Object affordances guide visual attention while speakers describe potential actions

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