Actions of Quercetin, a Polyphenol, on Blood Pressure

Abstract

Disorder of blood pressure control causes serious diseases in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the anti-hypertensive action of quercetin, a flavonoid, which is one of the polyphenols characterized as the compounds containing large multiples of phenol structural units, by varying the values of various blood pressure regulatory factors, such as vascular compliance, peripheral vascular resistance, and total blood volume via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions. In addition to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions of quercetin, we especially describe a novel mechanism of quercetin’s action on the cytosolic Cl− concentration ([Cl−]c) and novel roles of the cytosolic Cl− i.e., (1) quercetin elevates [Cl−]c by activating Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in renal epithelial cells contributing to Na+ reabsorption via the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC); (2) the quercetin-induced elevation of [Cl−]c in renal epithelial cells diminishes expression of ENaC leading to a decrease in renal Na+ reabsorption; and (3) this reduction of ENaC-mediated Na+ reabsorption in renal epithelial cells drops volume-dependent elevated blood pressure. In this review, we introduce novel, unique mechanisms of quercetin’s anti-hypertensive action via activation of NKCC1 in detail.

Quercetin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver by ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice

“…In recent years, quercetin has become a rising concern in nutritional and therapeutic potential, owning to its multiple pharmacological effects (Russo, Spagnuolo, Tedesco, Bilotto, & Russo, ). In addition to antitumor, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and significant heart‐related benefits, a large number of in vivo studies have shown that quercetin had a strong potential for antidiabetes and its complications (Bule, Abdurahman, Nikfar, Abdollahi, & Amini, ; Hu et al, ; Lu et al, ; Marunaka et al, ; Patel et al, ; Shi et al, ; Y. Zhao et al, ; X. Zhu, Cheng, et al, ; Y. Zhu, Teng, et al, ). It has been found that quercetin prevents diabetes mellitus by decreasing blood glucose via enhancing insulin sensitivity and stimulating insulin secretion from β cells (Gaballah, Zakaria, Mwafy, Tahoon, & Ebeid, ; Jeong, Kang, Choi, Kim, & Kim, ).…”

“…In recent years, quercetin has become a rising concern in nutritional and therapeutic potential, owning to its multiple pharmacological effects (Russo, Spagnuolo, Tedesco, Bilotto, & Russo, 2012). In addition to antitumor, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and significant heart-related benefits, a large number of in vivo studies have shown that quercetin had a strong potential for antidiabetes and its complications (Bule, Abdurahman, Nikfar, Abdollahi, & Amini, 2019;Hu et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2015;Marunaka et al, 2017;Patel et al, 2018;Shi et al, 2019;Y. Zhao et al, 2017;X.…”

Quercetin Inhibits Cell Survival and Metastatic Ability via the EMT-Mediated Pathway in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…Quercetin is a plant flavonol of the flavonoid polyphenol group found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, and grains [21][22][23]. Although numerous studies have demonstrated that quercetin plays a role in the prevention of various cancers [24][25][26], it is still an interesting target for OSCCs.…”

Intestinal disposition of quercetin and its phase-II metabolites after oral administration in healthy volunteers

“…Quercetin is a major dietary flavonoid notably present in onions, apples, teas or berries (Figure b). Many studies have been conducted on its pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, its potential effects on health, multidrug resistance or blood pressure . Many clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the fate of quercetin after being ingested as aglycone, as glycosides or a combination of both .…”

“…Many studies have been conducted on its pharmacokinetics, [18] bioavailability, [19] its potential effects on health, [20] multidrug resistance [21] or blood pressure. [22] Many clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the fate of quercetin after being ingested as aglycone, [23,24] as glycosides [25][26][27] or a combination of both. [28] Studies have also been performed using cooked onions [29][30][31] or tomato juice [32] as a quercetin source.…”