Activated carbon fiber for environmental protection

Khataee, Alireza

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100660-3.00010-9

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 246 publications

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“…[ 70 ] A recent addition to this class of porous materials is activated carbon fibres (ACF) which have gained attention due to their fibrous nature which allows easy flexibility, wide surface area, and mesoporous structure leading to the enhanced adsorption capacity and kinetics than the other classes of AC. [ 71 ] Modified AC materials have emerged as a catalytic activator for hydroxyl and sulphate radical‐mediated oxidation techniques (Section 3.6).…”

Section: Wastewater Treatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Integrated Steel Plant Wastewater Using Conventional and Advanced Techniques

Kumar

Gopinath

Ranjith

et al. 2022

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The integrated steel industry is considered as one of the important industrial sectors, and its outputs are inputs for other sectors including construction, engineering, medical and scientific equipment, and defence. Massive production, consumption, and export of steel signify a country's economic index. This review outlines the World's steel production quantities, the processes involved, and wastewater generation from the industry and its treatment. Wastewater generated from steel plants is highly complex and requires intensive treatment before discharge into natural water bodies. Technologies adopted for treating wastewater generated from steel industries are deliberated, focusing on coking wastewater treatment. Microbial mediated processes provide an effective means of degrading the contaminants, but the toxicity of certain compounds during higher pollutant load inhibits its further treatment. However, these processes can be integrated with either electrochemical technologies or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which can reduce the toxicity level. Hence, when a highly concentrated and complex mixture of contaminants is considered, an integrated approach is a resourceful option in terms of cost‐effectiveness and treatment efficiency.

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Section: Wastewater Treatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Integrated Steel Plant Wastewater Using Conventional and Advanced Techniques

Kumar

Gopinath

Ranjith

et al. 2022

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…20 For the cellulose-fibre precursor, a low tensile strength (≈1 GPa) has been identified. 21 There is no exclusive application of specific precursors to produce ACF or CF, and a more detailed description of the carbon fibre manufacturing process can be found elsewhere. [14][15][16][17][18]20,21 Regarding the production of CC, textile cloth can be used directly as a precursor.…”

Section: Manufacture Structure and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 There is no exclusive application of specific precursors to produce ACF or CF, and a more detailed description of the carbon fibre manufacturing process can be found elsewhere. [14][15][16][17][18]20,21 Regarding the production of CC, textile cloth can be used directly as a precursor. Typically, CC manufacturing requires cloth production followed by stabilisation, carbonisation and graphitisation stages.…”

Section: Manufacture Structure and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Carbon Cloth as a Versatile Electrode: Manufacture, Properties, Reaction Environment, and Applications

Sotelo

Castañeda

Márquez

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The manufacture, characterization, and application of carbon cloth (CC) are reviewed and its use as an electrode in fundamental electrochemical studies and technological applications over the last fifty-five years is considered. The most widely used precursors to produce commercial CC are polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers manufactured by heat treatment at 1500-3000°C. CC has good electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and high chemical resistance, making it a versatile electrode material that can operate over a wide potential range in aqueous electrolytes and molten salts. Chemical and thermal methods can enhance the surface area and help control CC surfaces wettability. Electrodes can be decorated by nanostructured carbons, precious metal nanoparticles, or enzyme immobilization to modify surface functionality, improve activity, and widen applications. The doping of CC with polymers, metals, and metal oxides has enabled its use in sensors, electrosynthesis of chemicals, environmental remediation, and water treatment, as well as energy storage and conversion. Electrochemical cells incorporating CC ranging from three-electrode laboratory bench cells to pilot plant flow cells are illustrated. The characterization of hydrodynamics, mass transport rates, and potential/current distributions in CC-equipped flow cells using experimental and computational fluid dynamics approaches are analyzed. Finally, continuing research challenges to CC are highlighted.

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“…They can simply proceed with the product in various sorbent shapes and forms, such as woven clothing, non-woven mats, papers, and felts. These materials' flexibility also directly improves the handling and packing efficiency for specific specialized applications [22] . For instance, ACFs can be utilized as capacitors, deodorants in refrigerators, and filtration candles for minor purification systems.…”

Section: Advantages Of Activated Carbon Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbon Precursors Derived from Jute Fiber: Social, Economic and Environmental Development

Islam

2022

non-met. mater. sci.

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Activated carbon fiber (ACF) is undoubtedly one of the most significant carbon nanocomposite materials to consider from the perspective of application in adsorption. Compared to other commercial porous storage materials, it offers many benefits. With a fiber-like shape and a clearly defined porosity structure, activated carbon fiber (ACF) is a potential microporous material. In general, synthetic carbon fiber (CF) can be used to commercially make ACF with the inclusion of an activation procedure. High packing density, outstanding volumetric capacity, rapid adsorption/ desorption, and ease of handling are some of the unique properties of ACF. The production expenses of ACF are made up of fiber processing costs and activation costs, both of which are comparatively more expensive than those of other activated carbons. Recently, researchers have indicated that the manufacturing of ACF from less expensive precursors might be accomplished by preparing activated carbon (AC) from agricultural wastes. In comparison to synthetic ACF, there were fewer details and publicly accessible sources of information about these natural fiber derived ACF. The cost of processing fiber is higher and shaping fiber into the correct shape is challenging. In this study, social and environmental compliance, economic development, advantages of carbon fiber,and applications of carbon fiber are discussed.

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Activated carbon fiber for environmental protection

Cited by 12 publications

References 246 publications

Treatment of Integrated Steel Plant Wastewater Using Conventional and Advanced Techniques

Treatment of Integrated Steel Plant Wastewater Using Conventional and Advanced Techniques

Review—Carbon Cloth as a Versatile Electrode: Manufacture, Properties, Reaction Environment, and Applications

Activated Carbon Precursors Derived from Jute Fiber: Social, Economic and Environmental Development

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