Activated Carbon for Sepsis Prevention and Intervention: A Modern Way of Utilizing Old Therapies

Abstract

(1) Background: Uncontrolled inflammation often contributes to life-threatening sepsis sequela such as multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and is accompanied by abnormal levels of pathological and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs & DAMPs) in biological fluids. Activated carbon or charcoal (AC) of new generation with ameliorated biocompatibility has spurred renewed interest in the regulation of these toxins’ levels in inflammation states. (2) Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Researchgate, and other sources for the relevant literature from 1550 B.C. till 2022 A.C. (3) Results: Laboratory and clinical investigations demonstrate that activated carbon or charcoal (AC) mitigates inflammation in different pathological states when applied orally, per rectum, or in a hemoperfusion system. AC protects the microbiome and bone marrow, acts as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant remedy, and recovers the plasmatic albumin structure. The mechanism of AC action is related to a non-selective (broad-range) or/and selective adsorption of PAMPs & DAMPs from biological fluids. A high-adsorptive capacity towards noxious substances and application of AC as early as possible seems paramount in inflammation treatment for preventing sepsis and/or multi-organ failure. (4) Conclusion: AC could be considered an adjunctive treatment for preventing sepsis and/or multi-organ failure.

Carbon supported ternary layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for Fluoxetine removal and subsequent utilization of spent adsorbent as antidepressant

“…The use ofactivated carbon in the synthesis recipe was intended to eliminate gases and toxins from the digestive system, promoting relaxation and faster sleep onset besides also its effects the gut microbiota had been investigated 73 , 74 . Many doctors recommend using activated carbon before bed to prevent brain inflammation caused by toxins, which can disrupt sleep in addition to its use in treatment of intoxication 75 , 76 . Inflammatory overload can lead to persistent fatigue and difficulty falling asleep, with bad gut bacteria being a source of inflammatory toxins.…”