Activated carbon for supercapacitor electrodes with an aqueous electrolyte

Vervikishko, Darya; Yanilkin, I. V.; Dobele, Gaļina; Voļperts, Aleksandrs; Atamanyuk, I. N.; Sametov, A. A.; Школьников, Е. И.

doi:10.1134/s0018151x15050272

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Chemical activation of natural raw materials is an important method of controlled change in the properties of the AC obtained from it. In the work with KOH modification, for example VERVIKISHKO et al [2015] andDOBELE et al [2012], the efficiency of two-stage carbon carbonization-activation is shown. This idea was also used to get AC with the modifier -FeCl 3 iron chloride.…”

Section: Methods Of Ac Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Water and Land Development

Soloviy,

Malovanyy,

Bordun

et al. 2020

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The article comprises synthesis of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on bio raw materials -beet pulp. The synthesis was performed by one-and two-step methodology using FeCl 3 as an activating agent. X-ray diffraction methods showed an increase in the distance between graphene layers to 3.7 Å in biocarbon synthesized by a two-step technique and a slight decrease in inter-graphene distance to 3.55 Å for biocarbon synthesized by an one-step technique. In both magnetically susceptible samples, the Fe 3 O 4 magnetite phase was identified. Biocarbon synthesized by a two-step technique is characterized by a microporous structure in which a significant volume fraction (about 35%) is made by pores of 2.2 and 5 nm radius. In the sample after a one-step synthesis, a significant increase in the fraction of pores with radii from 5 to 30 nm and a decrease in the proportion of pores with radii greater than 30 nm can be detected. Based on the analysis of lowangle X-ray scattering data, it is established that carbon without magnetic activation has the smallest specific area of 212 m 2 •сm -3 , carbon after one-stage synthesis has a slightly larger area of 280 m 2 •сm -3 , and after two-stage synthesis has the largest specific surface area in 480 m 2 •сm -3 . The adsorption isotherms of blue methylene have been studied. Biocarbon obtained by two-step synthesis has been shown to have significantly better adsorption properties than other synthesized biocarbons. Isotherms have been analysed based on the Langmuir model.

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Section: Methods Of Ac Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Water and Land Development

Soloviy,

Malovanyy,

Bordun

et al. 2020

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“…The papers concerning the modification of raw materials with KOH, for Instance [34], have shown the effectiveness of two-step carbonisation-activation in AC material produc-tion. This idea was also used to obtain AC materials with ferric chloride modifier.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Testing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

Bordun,

Szymczykiewicz

2024

Applied Sciences

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In the work, nanostructured Fe3O4/C composites based on natural raw materials (beet pulp and corn stalks) are synthesised in various ways. Iron chloride FeCl3 is used as an activator. The synthesised composites are investigated using the following methods, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, nitrogen adsorption/desorption porometry, magnetometry, impedance and galvanostatic measurements. The presence of nanosized Fe3O4 magnetite in the synthesised carbon structures is disclosed. Based on the magnetic measurements, the particle size of Fe3O4 is on average 50 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in one step, 30 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in two steps, 33 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in one step, and 29 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in two steps. It is shown that the two-step synthesis using pre-carbonised raw materials gives the specific capacitance of the composite made with beet pulp at 96 F/g, and for the composite made with corn stalks at 95 F/g. The high coulombic efficiency (>95%) and the stability of the electrical capacitance during long-term cycling make it possible to use Fe3O4/C composites for the manufacture of supercapacitor electrodes with aqueous electrolytes.

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“…However, the use of other activators in the synthesis of activated carbon is often more effective using the two-stage synthesis method. This method is most commonly used in KOH or NaOH activation [20,21] and consists in the preliminary carbonization of the initial raw material at 300-500 • C; then, the char is mixed with alkali in a certain proportion, placed in an oven and activated in an inert atmosphere at 600-1000 • C. As the result, a highly porous activated carbon is obtained, which is both an effective sorbent and active material of supercapacitor electrodes. In [22], the one-and two-stage synthesis was performed using FeCl 3 .…”

Section: Sample Preparation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni/C Composites Synthesized from Wheat Straw by Different Methods

et al. 2021

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Synthesis of Ni/C nanostructured composites based on a natural raw material, i.e., wheat straw, is carried out in this work. The synthesis is performed by one- and two-stage methods using NiCl2 as the activating agent. The X-ray diffraction and EDS analyses reveal the presence of metallic nickel in the structure of the composites, whereas magnetic measurements showed that nickel was contained in the porous carbon matrix in the nanoparticle state. For nanocomposites synthesized by the one-stage method, the largest contribution to the formation of the porous structure might be attributed to pores with radii from 5 to 30 nm; for a nanocomposite synthesized in two stages, the pore distribution function exhibits a narrow isolated peak with a maximum of around 2.6 nm. Based on the obtained magnetic data, the coercive force, specific saturation magnetization and nickel content in nanocomposites are calculated. For the measured values of the coercive force, the average size of magnetic moment carriers is determined to be ~100 nm for the two-stage synthesis nanocomposite and ~100 ÷ 110 nm for the one-stage synthesis nanocomposites. The developed Ni/C nanocomposites might be used as a cheap material for energy storage applications or as magnetically controlled adsorbents.

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Activated carbon for supercapacitor electrodes with an aqueous electrolyte

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Journal of Water and Land Development

Journal of Water and Land Development

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

Comparison of Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni/C Composites Synthesized from Wheat Straw by Different Methods

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