Activated carbon from biomass precursors using phosphoric acid: A review

Neme, Ibsa; Gonfa, Girma; Masi, Chandran

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11940

Cited by 76 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 194 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result agreed with the elemental compositions obtained from SEM-EDX, which presented more than 80% of carbon content as shown in figure 2. For that reason, the coconut fruit had a potential to serve as a precursor for AC production [11]. However, the ash content was slightly high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and electrical properties of activated carbon from Samui Island young coconut waste

Pinchaipat,

Koedthong,

Boonpian

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid coconut waste has been a chronic issue that can lead to an environmental problem in Samui Island. Therefore, we are interested in processing this waste into a more valuable product. Many previous studies have evaluated the characteristics of activated carbon (AC) using chemical properties, but not electrical properties. In this work, we analyze the electrical properties of AC to identify a wide range of potential applications. The whole coconut with husk was turned into AC under different activation parameters (temperature, impregnation ratio of KOH and time) using one-factor-at-a-time method. The results showed that with higher activation temperature (750-850°C), the iodine adsorption number increased but the yield decreased. Excessive impregnation ratio and longer activation time could lower the iodine adsorption number due to the collapse of micropores into larger pores. The SEM images revealed that after activation process, a well-developed pore structure is achieved. The highest iodine adsorption number was obtained at 1356.80 mg/g at activation condition of 800°C, impregnation ratio of 1:2 and activation time of 2 hrs. The electrical property of activated carbon was remarkably improved from the initial char, in accordance with the iodine number result. The lowest resistivity was also achieved at the same condition as above.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and electrical properties of activated carbon from Samui Island young coconut waste

Pinchaipat,

Koedthong,

Boonpian

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Untreated natural chamomile (Ch) and activated carbon obtained by treating chamomile with H3PO4 (Ch-H3PO4) were prepared to use in dye adsorption processes. The reason why H3PO4 is preferred in the preparation of activated carbon is its features such as being non-polluting, cheap and effective [18,19]. Ch was prepared by grinding and sieving natural chamomile.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Untreated Chamomile And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficiency of Chamomile in Crystal Violet Dye Removal Processes

DANDIL

2023

Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bu çalışmada papatyanın adsorplama özellikleri incelenmiştir. Crystal Violet (CV) boya adsorpsiyon proseslerinde adsorban olarak, işlenmemiş papatya (Ch) ve fosforik asit (H3PO4) (Ch-H3PO4) kullanılarak hazırlanan aktif karbon formu kullanılmıştır. Adsorbanların yüzey yapılarını gözlemlemek için Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) analizleri kullanılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon etkinlikleri pH (1-7), zaman (0-300 dk), başlangıç boya konsantrasyonu (10-50 ppm), adsorban miktarı (0,5-2 g/L) ve sıcaklığa (25-45 °C) bağlı olarak her bir adsorban için incelenmiş ve birbiriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon proseslerinin 300 dk’ da dengeye ulaştığı belirlenmiştir. Her iki proseste de en yüksek giderimler pH 7' de elde edilmiştir. Tüm değişen konsantrasyonlarda, her iki adsorban da yüksek giderim yüzdelerine ulaşmıştır. Ayrıca değişen adsorban dozajının, her iki adsorbanın kapasite değerlerini büyük ölçüde etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Kinetik çalışmalarda proseslerin yalancı ikinci dereceden kinetik model ile açıklandığı ve izoterm çalışmalarının Freundlich izotermi ile uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Termodinamik çalışmalarında ΔH0 değerleri Ch ve Ch-H3PO4 için sırasıyla 20,69 ve -34,87 kJ mol-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Negatif ve pozitif ΔH0 değerleri sırasıyla ekzotermik ve endotermik doğayı gösterir. Ch ve Ch-H3PO4 için ΔS0 değerleri sırasıyla 76,52 ve -95,55 J mol-1K-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Negatif ΔG0 değerleri proseslerin kendiliğindenliğini açıklamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, işlenmemiş papatyanın CV boya gideriminde etkili olduğu, H3PO4 kullanılarak aktif karbon hazırlanması ile etkinliğinin arttığı belirlenmiştir.

show abstract

“…Most non-carbon elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen are eliminated as gases through pyrolytic decomposition in the presence of activation reagents, including bases, salts, and even gases. 28 The efficiency of activated carbon for removing ions such as mercury depends on surface chemistry, a developed pore structure, and a high surface area. 29 It has been studied that doping with heteroatoms could introduce more active sites into carbon-based materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%