Activated carbon with high capacitance prepared by NaOH activation for supercapacitors

Superior carbon-based CO2 adsorbents prepared from poplar anthers

“…An increase in the pre-carbonization temperature favors the formation and growth of the graphitic microcrystallites in the resultant chars [22], which usually shows high resistance to the destruction of pores. Nevertheless, the more ordered structure the precursor has, the more difficult the activation is by KOH, and thus, the lower the surface area of the obtained porous carbon is [28,42]. Consequently, PA-600-KOH-2-600 shows a smaller surface area and pore volume than PA-500-KOH-2-600 since the higher pre-carbonization temperature led to a more graphitized structure, as evidenced by the XRD measurements that the typical (1 0 0) diffraction peak characteristic of turbostratic carbons [22,43] slightly increased in intensity with the pre-carbonization temperature (Fig.…”

Production of activated carbon by using pyrolysis process in an ammonia atmosphere

“…The activation process involves the physical mechanism by providing gas (gasification) or insertion of a chemical compound, also involves heating at relatively high temperatures [14,16]. Chemical activation has the advantage, namely low temperature process to generate higher yields and could control at the micro level [20], chemical agent used such as phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, potassium hydroxide [13,14,21], and sodium hydroxide [22]. However, the use of chemical substance to increase the carbon characteristic is time consuming, costly and hazardous for the environment.…”

High rate performance activated carbons prepared from ginkgo shells for electrochemical supercapacitors

“…Conventional activation methods can lead to high surface areas but without graphitization [12]. High temperature treatment is an effective way to form well-developed graphitic structure, but high energy consumption is unavoidable during the high temperature treatment [11,13].…”