Activated Natural Zeolite Membrane for Separating Dissolved Impurities in Coconut Sap

Abstract

<jats:p>A ceramic membrane has been produced from a natural zeolite. A series of samples has been sintered at range temperature from room temperaure to 900°C. The influence of the sintering temperature on the specific surface area, pore diameter, and surface roughness has been investigated. It has been found that a decrease for value of the specific surface area and average pore diameter from 300°C to 900°C was attributed to a change of the crystalline structure of tridimite from partially to fully crystallized samples. The fabricated membrane has been used successfully to evaluate the separation performance during the treatment of coconut sap. The membranes have a steady state flux from 0.12 to 0.22 mL/min.cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> at an applied pressure of 1 bar.</jats:p>

Characterization of Ceramic Membrane based on Calcium Carbonate from Onyx Stone and Its Application for Coconut Sap Treatment

“…In this case, CM3 and CM4 have a greater volume fraction of interconnected pores than CM1 and CM2, so that its presence accelerates the process of separating impurities from coconut sap through the pores. Its largest flux value is higher than that obtained for ceramic membrane prepared from the sintered zeolite [11]. Furthermore, the values of the sap permeate flux also decrease gradually with time, and initially, their value decreases at different In the case, the pores are blocked by a deposited layer of impurities from non-sugar ingredients during operation [27].…”

“…The detailed experimental procedures for coconut sap permeation are described elsewhere [11]. The concentration of coconut sap used for the experiment was 0.86 g/L.…”

“…fragility) which do not allow to form a single mechanical unit in water. Furthermore, in the reports on zeolite ceramic membranes, the pore size formed in the range of 0.1 µm to 0.4 µm, the membrane has a great potential to remove impurities from coconut sap [11] and waste water [12]. However the membranes are limited in their mechanical strengths, so it causes a rapid membrane breakage when the applied pressure is in the range of 1 to 5 bars in the operation.…”