Activated Satellite Cells in Extraocular Muscles of Normal Adult Monkeys and Humans

McLoon, Linda K.; Wirtschafter, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0673

Cited by 99 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In adult skeletal muscle, all or most of satellite cells express the paired domain transcription factors Pax7 (478) and Pax3 (72), myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 (116), homeobox transcription factor Barx2 (336), cell adhesion protein M-cadherin (244), tyrosine receptor kinase c-Met (13), cell surface attachment receptor ␣7-intergin (73,192), cluster of differentiation protein CD34 (37), transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans syndecan-3 and syndecan-4 (113), chemokine receptor CXCR4 (429), caveolae-forming protein caveolin-1 (192,552), calcitonin receptor (177), and nuclear en-velope proteins lamin A/C and emerin (192). Of these, Pax7 is the canonical biomarker for satellite cells as it is specifically expressed in all quiescent and proliferating satellite cells (478) across multiple species, including human (334), monkey (334), mouse (478), pig (402), chick (216), salamander (353), frog (96), and zebrafish (219). Of note, some of the aforementioned satellite cell markers (e.g., ␣7-intergin, CD34) are also expressed on other cell types within Characteristics of the satellite cell.…”

Section: B Identification and Isolation Of Satellite Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

Yin

Price

Rudnicki

2013

Physiological Reviews

1,767

1,808

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LYin H, Price F, Rudnicki MA. Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche. Physiol Rev 93: 23-67, 2013; doi:10.1152/physrev.00043.2011.-Adult skeletal muscle in mammals is a stable tissue under normal circumstances but has remarkable ability to repair after injury. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process involving the activation of various cellular and molecular responses. As skeletal muscle stem cells, satellite cells play an indispensible role in this process. The self-renewing proliferation of satellite cells not only maintains the stem cell population but also provides numerous myogenic cells, which proliferate, differentiate, fuse, and lead to new myofiber formation and reconstitution of a functional contractile apparatus. The complex behavior of satellite cells during skeletal muscle regeneration is tightly regulated through the dynamic interplay between intrinsic factors within satellite cells and extrinsic factors constituting the muscle stem cell niche/microenvironment. For the last half century, the advance of molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics has greatly improved our understanding of skeletal muscle biology. Here, we review some recent advances, with focuses on functions of satellite cells and their niche during the process of skeletal muscle regeneration.

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Section: B Identification and Isolation Of Satellite Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

Yin

Price

Rudnicki

2013

Physiological Reviews

1,767

1,808

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In adult skeletal muscle, all or most of satellite cells express the paired domain transcription factors Pax7 (70) and Pax3 (75), myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 (76), homeobox transcription factor Barx2 (77), cell adhesion protein M-cadherin (78), tyrosine receptor kinase c-Met (79), cell surface attachment receptor a7-intergin (80,81), cluster of differentiation protein CD34 (53), transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans syndecan-3 and syndecan-4 (82), chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) (83), caveolae-forming protein caveolin-1 (81,84), calcitonin receptor (85), and nuclear envelope proteins lamin A/C and emerin (81). Of these, Pax7 is the canonical biomarker for satellite cells as it is speciically expressed in all quiescent and proliferating satellite cells (70) across multiple species, including human (86), monkey (86), mouse (70), pig (87), chick (88), salamander (89), frog (90), and zebraish (91).…”

Section: Indones Biomed J 2015; 7(2): 73-86mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Regulation and Rejuvenation of Muscle Stem (Satellite) Cell Aging

2015

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BACKGROUND: Age-related muscle loss leads to lack of muscle strength, resulting in reduced posture and mobility and an increased risk of falls, all of which contribute to a decrease in quality of life. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process, which is not yet completely understood.CONTENT: Skeletal muscle undergoes a progressive agerelated loss in mass and function. Preservation of muscle mass depends in part on satellite cells, the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle. Reduced satellite cell function may contribute to the age-associated decrease in muscle mass. Recent studies have delineated that the aging process in organ stem cells is largely caused by age-speciic changes in the differentiated niches, and that regenerative outcomes often depend on the age of the niche, rather than on stem cell age. It is likely that epigenetic states will be better deine such key satellite cell features as prolonged quiescence and lineage idelity. It is also likely that DNA and histone modiications will underlie many of the changes in aged satellite cells that account for age-related declines in functionality and rejuvenation through exposure to the systemic environment. SUMMARY:Skeletal muscle aging results in a gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle function and regenerative capacity, which can lead to sarcopenia and increased mortality. Although the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remain unclear, the skeletal muscle stem cell, or satellite cell, is required for muscle regeneration. Decreased muscle stem cell function in aging has long been shown to depend on altered environmental cues, whereas the contribution of intrinsic mechanisms remained less clear. Signals in the aged niche were shown to cause permanent defects in the ability of satellite cells to return to quiescence, ultimately also impairing the maintenance of self-renewing satellite cells. Therefore, only anti-aging strategies taking both factors, the stem cell niche and the stem cells per se, into consideration may ultimately be successful.

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“…McLoon e Wirtschafter descreveram, em fibras da musculatura ocular externa de coelhos (75) , macacos e humanos (76) , adultos e sem trauma, cerca de 2 a 4% de CS positivas para o MyoD, demonstrando também a adição de novos mionúcleos às fibras pré-existentes em ratos e coelhos (75,77) , sugerindo que a musculatura ocular externa está em contínua renovação, fato não encontrado em músculo esquelético adulto proveniente dos membros (78) , onde a marcação pelo MyoD é inexistente. Outros marcadores para as CS também foram evidenciados, como o Pax7, a miogenina e o HGF (76) .…”

Section: Células Satélites E a Musculatura Ocular Externaunclassified

“…Outros marcadores para as CS também foram evidenciados, como o Pax7, a miogenina e o HGF (76) . Em recente trabalho (79) também se demonstrou haver renovação de mionú-cleos, além de evidências de apoptose celular.…”

Section: Células Satélites E a Musculatura Ocular Externaunclassified

Células satélites musculares

Antunes-Foschini¹,

Ramalho²,

Bicas³

2004

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Células satélites muscularesO artigo descreve as células satélites musculares, marcadores, quantificação e distribuição, fatores de crescimento e hormônios envolvidos na sua regulação, interação com monócitos e macrófagos, respostas funcionais a estados fisiológicos e de doença, modelos genéticos de miopatia e de regeneração muscular, formação de músculo ectópico, formação do mús-culo e células precursoras, origem das células satélites, células periféricas, musculatura ocular externa e células satélites. INTRODUÇÃOA musculatura esquelética de mamíferos adultos possui grande capacidade de adaptação a demandas fisiológicas, como no crescimento, no treinamento e no trauma. Sendo as fibras musculares esqueléticas adultas caracteristicamente bem diferenciadas, esse elevado potencial adaptativo é atribuído a uma população de células residentes no músculo esquelético adulto denominadas células satélites (CS). IdentificaçãoAs CS musculares foram inicialmente descritas em 1961 em fibras musculares de rã (1) . Elas fazem parte de uma população de células com grande atividade mitogênica que contribuem para o crescimento muscular pós-natal, o reparo de fibras musculares danificadas e a manutenção do músculo esquelético adulto. Foram assim denominadas por sua localização anatômi-ca na periferia de fibras musculares multinucleadas maduras. São células indiferenciadas e mononucleadas, cuja membrana basal está em continuidade com a membrana basal da fibra muscular. Enquanto o tecido muscular esquelético mantém-se livre de agressões, as CS permanecem em estado de quiescência (repouso). Entretanto, em resposta a estímulos como crescimento, remodelação ou trauma, as CS são ativadas, proliferam-se e expressam marcadores da linhagem miogênica. Neste estado, também são denominadas mioblastos. Essas células se fundem a fibras musculares já existentes ou se fundem a CS vizinhas para gerar novas fibras musculares. Há evidên-cias de que as CS constituem uma população bastante heterogênea, visto que algumas podem sofrer diferenciação imediata, sem divisão prévia, enquanto outras primeiramente proliferam, gerando uma célula filha para diferenciação e outra para futura proliferação (2) . Recente estudo demonstrou que apenas 50% das CS que proliferam entram em fase final de diferenciação, expressando a proteína miosina do desenvolvimento (3) . Morfologicamente, as CS quiescentes diferem das ativadas por apresentarem alta relação núcleo/citoplasma, com poucas organelas, núcleo ATUALIZAÇÃO CONTINUADA

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Activated Satellite Cells in Extraocular Muscles of Normal Adult Monkeys and Humans

Cited by 99 publications

References 34 publications

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

Molecular Regulation and Rejuvenation of Muscle Stem (Satellite) Cell Aging

Células satélites musculares

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