Activated Sludge and Other Aerobic Suspended Culture Processes

Moretti, Charles; Das, Dipesh; Kistner, Brian T.; Gullicks, Harvey; Hung, Yung Tse

doi:10.3390/w3030806

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They are a class of hydrated phyllosilicates that play an important role in the formation of the smooth part of rocks, sediments, and soil [41]. They are composed of tetrahedrally and octahedrally joined atoms, forming silicate sheets with tetrahedral and octahedral shapes with a thickness usually less than 2 mm [42]. The tetrahedral sheet is made of SiO 4 layers that share three oxygen atoms which form a hexagonal arrangement [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montmorillonite for Adsorption and Catalytic Elimination of Pollutants from Wastewater: A State-of-the-Arts Review

Zango

Garba

et al. 2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clay minerals have been recognized as one of the cheap and effective materials for wastewater remediation. Among the various clay minerals, montmorillonite (MMT) has received much attention due to its wide availability, low-cost and promising properties such as high porosity, mechanical strength, and cation exchange capacity. Additionally, MMT has high swelling properties. These features make it an ideal material for wastewater remediation applications. In addition, it possessed good cationic exchange capacity, making it easier to interact with various molecules. MMT and its composites exhibited good selectivity and catalytic activity for contaminants elimination from wastewater. Surface modification and functionalization have been identified as a way to improve the MMT’s adsorptive performance and endow it with light and light-harnessing properties. Thus, MMT composites, especially metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, have shown good adsorption and photocatalytic activity toward the elimination/mineralization of various contaminants such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and other organic and inorganic species. As such, MMT and its composites can be adopted as potential materials for wastewater remediation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montmorillonite for Adsorption and Catalytic Elimination of Pollutants from Wastewater: A State-of-the-Arts Review

Zango

Garba

et al. 2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the currently used biological wastewater treatment systems, the most dominant are systems based on activated sludge technology, which have proven to be economical and efficient, and have therefore gained widespread acceptance [1][2][3]. Activated sludge technology is most often implemented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) as a flowthrough method [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Uneven Flow Wastewater Distribution on the Technological Efficiency of a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Masłoń

2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Variability in the load of pollutants significantly influences the efficiency of activated sludge technology in municipal wastewater treatment plants, both in terms of flow systems and in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). Diversified inflow of wastewater to the treatment plant has a significant impact on the technological efficiency of sequencing batch reactors. Additionally, this problem is intensified in technological systems in which there is no storage tank for raw wastewater. It is assumed, however, that the flexible operation of an SBR reactor allows it to be easily adapted to a variable load of pollutants. The aim of the article is to present the effects of uneven wastewater inflow on the operation of sequencing batch reactors using the example of the wastewater treatment plant in Rabka-Zdrój (Poland). The conducted research has shown that, in wastewater treatment plants, the use of sequencing batch reactors as an independent element of biological wastewater treatment does not always ensure a high degree of pollutant removal in the event of a very uneven wastewater inflow. Therefore, the use treated wastewater equalizing tanks is recommended, which can additionally clean residual contaminants from wastewater.

show abstract

“…This process is widely simulated in the literature by using the Activated Sludge Model No 1 (ASM1) [13], performing carbon oxidation, nitrification and denitrification. Although numerous and newer models have suggested several modifications (see references [14,15]) for the mathematical modelling of activated sludge process, these have yet to be fully embraced by the international community [16]. All these models implemented direct numerical integration of the governing equations, so a system of coupled non-linear differential equations is obtained [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment Plant: Modelling and Validation of an Activated Sludge Process

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present paper is to develop a reliable and accurate model of the wastewater biochemical treatment process and to explore the behaviour through a general dynamic simulation environment, namely the INtegrated Simulation Environment Language (INSEL), for the analysis of the energy demand of the whole wastewater treatment plant. In particular, the presented model pays special attention to the chemical kinetics involved in the activated sludge process for the reduction of nitrogen and carbon compounds. According to the best practices, the plant configuration considered in this work includes the denitrification-nitrification process, performed by completely mixed reactors. In particular, the process analysed in this paper is based on the Ludzak-Ettinger process. The biological process is simulated according to the well-known method widely used in the literature, namely the Activated Sludge Model No 1 (ASM1). The model includes a set of equations for the calculation of aerobic growth of heterotrophs, anoxic growth of heterotrophs, aerobic growth of autotrophs, decay of autotrophs, ammonification of soluble nitrogen, hydrolysis of entrapped organics, and hydrolysis of entrapped organic nitrogen. All these equations, along with energy and mass balances, are solved by the explicit Euler method. The developed model is validated using literature data, showing a great accuracy (deviation below 1%). As for the temperature, results show that, between 15 and 25 °C, in the initial part of the process, transport effects dominate the consumption ones. When the temperature is higher than 30 °C, nitrate consumption is so fast that biomass growth is limited by this effect. Conversely, in case of low temperatures (5–10 °C), biomass growth is not limited by nitrate availability. Finally, results also showed that temperature significantly affects the denitrification process, whereas the effect on the oxygen is lower.

show abstract

Activated Sludge and Other Aerobic Suspended Culture Processes

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Montmorillonite for Adsorption and Catalytic Elimination of Pollutants from Wastewater: A State-of-the-Arts Review

Montmorillonite for Adsorption and Catalytic Elimination of Pollutants from Wastewater: A State-of-the-Arts Review

Impact of Uneven Flow Wastewater Distribution on the Technological Efficiency of a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Wastewater Treatment Plant: Modelling and Validation of an Activated Sludge Process

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About