Activating the disadvantaged. Variations in addressing youth transitions across Europe

In recent years, organised student mobility within the European space has increasingly caught the interest of scholarly researchers. As the focus of most research projects has been on the outcome of mobility programmes, studies into the determinants of credit student mobility remain rather focused on individual decisionmaking. However, in order to gain a more profound understanding of how students' motivations to participate in international mobility programmes are shaped, we have to go a step further. Therefore, in this paper, we present a study into the determinants of intraEuropean student mobility, conducted in Austria, Belgium, Italy, Norway, Poland, and UK, taking into account students' personal background and motivations. The results are based on an online survey (n = 5654) and in-depth interviews and focus groups with non-mobile as well as ex-mobile students (n = 71). The results show that mobility decisions are socially and biographically embedded. Moreover, we provide evidence that the decision to spend a study period abroad cannot be fully understood without taking into consideration the macroeconomic context.

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“…Müller & Wolbers, ), welfare state organisation (e.g. Pohl & Walther, ), to labour market organisation (e.g. Heidenreich, ).…”

Section: Rationale Behind This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Should I Stay or Should I Go? An Analysis of the Determinants of Intra‐European Student Mobility

Mol

Timmerman

2013

Population Space and Place

127

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“…Comparative HRM researchers interested in youth labour markets and transition regimes have drawn on the work of Pohl and Walther (). Going beyond the established institutions identified in the Varieties of Capitalism approach, the work of Pohl and Walther () includes more cognitive norms and societal conventions in relation to how the problem of youth unemployment is framed and policies are targeted to reduce it. Using this approach allows us to distinguish between five “youth transition” regimes in Europe.…”

Section: Youth Transition Regimes In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Are some sectors more “youth friendly” than others? Employment regimes, sectors, and gender disparities in the Great Recession

O’Reilly

Grotti

Russell

2019

Human Res Mgmt Journal

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Despite national differences in youth employment, many countries share striking similarities in the uneven sectoral distribution of job opportunities for young women and men in Europe. A shift‐share analysis of European Labour Force data identifies “youth‐friendly” sectors, how this varies between countries, and how this changed during the Great Recession. This reveals how youth job opportunities were lost because the sector shrank or because employers were less likely to offer full‐time, permanent contracts. New jobs for youth were more likely to be in part‐time and temporary employment. Youth vulnerability to unemployment is contingent not only on employers' engagement with institutions shaping school‐to‐work transitions but also on gender segregation and to the fact that some sectors have been particularly fragile during the economic crisis. Future research needs to link institutional effects with employers' business strategies to understand how these shape job opportunities for young women and men.

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“…He distinguishes between positive and negative incentives as well as between financial and nonfinancial incentives to compare both active and passive labor market policy measures (Weishaupt, , p.68) . Pohl & Walther (, 541) also use incentives in their classification of activation policies for the youth. This allows them to distinguish between five activation models.…”

Section: Existing Measures and Classifications And Their Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A typology of activation incentives

Dinan

2018

Soc Policy Adm

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Activation has received an enormous amount of attention over the past decade and a half. Despite the immense academic interest, activation policies remain difficult to compare. This is notably because these policies can be adapted multiple ways and are not confined to one policy area. Furthermore, common activation indicators such as expenditures can be misleading as not all activation instruments affect spending levels. These limitations notwithstanding, states continue to create and adapt activation policies. With the objective of identifying and comparing second-order change, the author proposes a typology of activation policies according to how they affect target population behavior through incentives. The typology first identifies the lever to the labor market, supply, or demand.Second, it determines whether the mechanism for labor market integration is financial or human capital. In so doing, it allows for a more detailed understanding of the policy instruments adopted. This can be used as a tool in qualitative analysis to identify a change in policy instruments within and between cases.

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Activating the disadvantaged. Variations in addressing youth transitions across Europe

Cited by 102 publications

References 22 publications

Should I Stay or Should I Go? An Analysis of the Determinants of Intra‐European Student Mobility

Should I Stay or Should I Go? An Analysis of the Determinants of Intra‐European Student Mobility

Are some sectors more “youth friendly” than others? Employment regimes, sectors, and gender disparities in the Great Recession

A typology of activation incentives

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