Activation analysis of rare earth elements

Bereznai, T.

doi:10.1007/bf02514015

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…[1][2][3][4] In spite of successful progress in the design of highly selective ionophores for various metal ions, there are only a limited number of reports on the development of highly selective ionophores for lanthanum. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Macrocyclic complexes of lanthanides [18][19][20] have generated a growing interest because of their potential applications in biology, 21 material science and in chemical processes. 22 Owing to the hard character of lanthanide(III) ions, the investigations of their coordination properties has focused on various aza and aza-oxa ligands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Double distilled water was used for the preparation of metal salt solutions of different concentrations by diluting stock solutions (0.1 M). We have developed a highly La(III)-selective PVC membrane electrode based on a hexaaza macrocycle,8,3,4:10,11,3,5,9,11,5,8,11,13,hexaeneN6] (I) as membrane carrier, dibutylbutyl phosphonate (DBBP) as solvent mediator and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) as lipophilic additive. The best performance was given by the membrane of macrocycle I having a composition 10:260:5:120 (I:DBBP:NaTPB:PVC).…”

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A Selective Membrane Electrode for Lanthanum(III) Ion Based on a Hexaaza Macrocycle Derivative as Ionophore

et al. 2006

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The design and function of synthesized macrocyclic carriers for cationic selective membrane sensors are usually based on such diverse parameters as the structure and cavity size of ion carrier, the stability and selectivity of its metal ion complexes, its solubility and its ability to extract the target ion into membrane phase. In recent decades, many intensive studies on the design and synthesis of highly selective ionophores as sensory molecules for ion-selective electrodes have been reported. [1][2][3][4] In spite of successful progress in the design of highly selective ionophores for various metal ions, there are only a limited number of reports on the development of highly selective ionophores for lanthanum. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Macrocyclic complexes of lanthanides [18][19][20] have generated a growing interest because of their potential applications in biology, 21 material science and in chemical processes. 22 Owing to the hard character of lanthanide(III) ions, the investigations of their coordination properties has focused on various aza and aza-oxa ligands.23 Lanthanide(III) chelates find extensive use in NMR biomedical applications, 24 as ion exchanger materials. 25 Studies on these complexes have produced technological development and industrial applications. 26Lanthanides are widely distributed in low concentration throughout the earth's crust. 27 The vapors or dust of these elements are very toxic when inhaled. They tend to remain in human lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys. 28 We have synthesized new macrocyclic ligands that have been used as neutral carriers in the construction of ISEs for various metal ions. [29][30][31] A survey of the literature shows that incorporation of pyridine rings in the macrocyclic framework increases the stereochemical rigidity and binding ability towards the lanthanide(III) cations, a property often associated with an increase in the thermodynamic stability of the complexes. 32 neutron activation analysis, 37 and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 38 have been reported for the determination of lanthanum.However, they are time consuming, involving multiple sample manipulations, they are too expensive for many analytical laboratories and they require large infrastructure back up. A simple, cheaper and more convenient method with fast response is required for analysis of large number of environmental and other samples. The analysis by ion-selective sensors provides such procedures. Experimental ReagentsAll the reagents were of analytical grade. Lanthanum(III) nitrate (Merck) was used as lanthanum salt for the studies of membrane sensor. 1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione was prepared as reported in the literature, 39 while 2,6-diaminopyridine was procured from Sigma-Aldrich. MeOH was refluxed and distilled over lime before use. Reagent grade sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), dibutylbutyl phosphonate (DBBP), dioctylphthalate (DOP), benzyl acetate (BA), o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (o-NPOE), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and high molecular weight PVC were purchased from Me...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Selective Membrane Electrode for Lanthanum(III) Ion Based on a Hexaaza Macrocycle Derivative as Ionophore

et al. 2006

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“…Due to widespread industrial and biological use of lanthanum [1 -3], its selective determination is of critical importance. Lanthanum compounds are extensively used in making of optical glasses, gasoline-cracking catalysts, polishing compounds and carbon arcs, and in the iron and steel industries to remove sulfur, carbon and other electronegative elements from iron and steel [1,3]. Recently, attempts were made to promote germination of natural rice seed by treating them with lanthanum nitrate [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Membrane Lanthanum(III)‐Selective Electrode Based on N,N′‐Adipylbis(5‐phenylazo salicylaldehyde hydrazone)

et al. 2005

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“…The most widely used method for the accurate determination of trace amount of individual lanthanides in rocks appears to be neutron activation analysis. In order to obtain sufficient sensitivity and reasonable accuracy, fairly elaborate procedures have been applied to separate the lanthanides from matrix elements with high activation cross sections or inconvenient -energies and Compton backgrounds, or even from each other (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Optical emission spectrography also requires a preliminary concentration of the lanthanides and a thorough separation from elements such as zirconium, which have complex 42.9…”

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Determination of trace and ultratrace quantities of rare earth elements by ion exchange chromatography-mass spectrography

Strelow¹,

Jackson²

1974

Anal. Chem.

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24, and 26 were all rounded to 532 steps sec-1 while vertices 14, 20, 22, and 25 were rounded to 533 steps sec-1. Thus, the range of values for the last ten vertices is 1 step sec-1, the limit of resolution of the frequency generators.This range of pump speeds is probably not significant compared to the long-term stability of the frequency generators which was approximately 1% of the nominal speed.The actual motor speeds at the optimum could therefore have been between about 530 and 535 steps sec-1. The slight downward drift in optimum response observed for the last ten vertices (vertex 19 excluded) could have been caused by this instability of the frequency generators or by slight changes in the tubing resiliancy, temperature, etc. Lowe (31) has shown the usefulness of evaluating the derivative of the simplex responses with respect to each fac-

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Activation analysis of rare earth elements

Cited by 24 publications

References 88 publications

A Selective Membrane Electrode for Lanthanum(III) Ion Based on a Hexaaza Macrocycle Derivative as Ionophore

A Selective Membrane Electrode for Lanthanum(III) Ion Based on a Hexaaza Macrocycle Derivative as Ionophore

Polymeric Membrane Lanthanum(III)‐Selective Electrode Based on N,N′‐Adipylbis(5‐phenylazo salicylaldehyde hydrazone)

Determination of trace and ultratrace quantities of rare earth elements by ion exchange chromatography-mass spectrography

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