Activation and Stabilization of Mn‐Based Positive Electrode Materials by Doping Nonmetallic Elements

Abstract

Disordered rock‐salt (DRS) type active materials are highly significant because of their large reversible capacities, which are due to their unique Li+ diffusion pathway and the redox capabilities of cationic transition metals (TMs) and anionic O ions. Loosely crystalline DRS materials have weak covalent bonds between TMs and O, increasing the O redox contribution and thereby enhancing their capacities. In this study, Mn‐based positive electrode materials with DRS structures are activated and stabilized by mechanochemical doping of nonmetallic elements P and B into interstitial sites. Synthesized Li0.90Mn0.84P0.04O2 (LMPO5) exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 346 mAh g−1 (1050 Wh kg−1) during charging/discharging. Li0.91Mn0.83B0.10O2 (LMBO5) has a moderately expanded lattice size, which facilitates high‐capacity retention during cycling (≈284 mAh g−1 at the 30th cycle). The structural properties of the synthesized active materials are extensively characterized. By introducing nonmetallic elements into the interstitial sites of Mn‐based materials, inexpensive, high‐capacity, and long‐cycling/calendar‐life Co/Ni‐free monometallic positive electrode materials may be further developed.

Redox Engineering of Fe‐Rich Disordered Rock‐Salt Li‐Ion Cathode Materials

“…[ 2 ] Furthermore, the P(B)─O bond has the potential to stabilize O n− anions formed during O oxidation, thereby enhancing the reversibility of O redox in Fe‐DRXs. Encouragingly, successful P/B doping has been demonstrated in Mn‐DRXs, [ 44–45 ] providing optimism for the application of a similar strategy to enhance the operating voltage and cycling stability of Fe‐DRXs.…”

Phytic Acid Assisted Fabrication of High Specific Surface Area Carbon-Wrapped Ni2P4O12 Nanoparticle Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Battery

“…Initially, PA, GL, and the nickel source were thoroughly mixed in distilled water by mechanical agitation. PA, chemically known as inositol (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexaphosphate, contains high amounts of PO 4 3− ions, which display polyanionic properties, thus possessing the ability to intensely chelate cations such as Ni, Fe, Mg, and Cu to form soluble salts. As the oil bath reaction proceeded, PA was chelated with Ni 2+ in solution to form precursors.…”

“…Nowadays, the hot and cold of the consumer electronics market directly affects the prosperity of the electronic information manufacturing industry, software and information technology service industries, and other industries. The explosive growth of all types of AI intelligent electronic products industry in every country leads to the ever-increasing demand for electrical energy storage. , Therefore, environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and long-lasting energy storage system for the consumer electronics market is extremely critical . Currently, batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), which belong to electrochemical energy storage systems, have captured a widespread commercial market.…”

“…1,2 Therefore, environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and long-lasting energy storage system for the consumer electronics market is extremely critical. 3 Currently, batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), which belong to electrochemical energy storage systems, have captured a widespread commercial market. Compared to batteries, SCs have faster charge/discharge rates and longer cycle stability, 4 but poor energy storage capacity and severe self-discharge are bottlenecks that limit the continual development of SCs.…”